Ah, sweet mystery of death! Galectins and control of cell fate.
TLDR
Understanding how galectins regulate cell viability and function will broaden the knowledge of the roles of galectin in basic biological processes and facilitate development of therapeutic applications for galECTins in autoimmunity, transplant-related disease, and cancer.Abstract:
Control of cell death is critical in eukaryotic development, immune system homeostasis, and control of tumorigenesis. The galectin family of lectins is implicated in all of these processes. Other families of molecules function as death receptors or death effectors, but galectins are uniquely capable of acting both extracellularly and intracellularly to control cell death. Extracellularly, galectins cross-link glycan ligands to transduce signals that lead directly to death or that influence other signals regulating cell fate. Intracellular expression of galectins can modulate other signals controlling cell viability. Individual galectins can act on multiple cell types, and multiple galectins can act on the same cell. Understanding how galectins regulate cell viability and function will broaden our knowledge of the roles of galectins in basic biological processes and facilitate development of therapeutic applications for galectins in autoimmunity, transplant-related disease, and cancer.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Tim-3 ligand galectin-9 negatively regulates T helper type 1 immunity
Chen Zhu,Ana C. Anderson,Anna Schubart,Huabao Xiong,Jaime Imitola,Samia J. Khoury,Xin Xiao Zheng,Terry B. Strom,Vijay K. Kuchroo +8 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that the Tim-3–galectin-9 pathway may have evolved to ensure effective termination of effector TH1 cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Galectins: structure, function and therapeutic potential.
TL;DR: Current research indicates that galectins play important roles in diverse physiological and pathological processes, including immune and inflammatory responses, tumour development and progression, neural degeneration, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and wound repair, and may be a therapeutic target or employed as therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases, cancers and several other diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mammalian glycosylation in immunity
TL;DR: This Review focuses on the emerging immunological roles of the mammalian glycome, which is one of the four fundamental macromolecular components of all cells, and is highly regulated in the immune system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Galectin-1: a key effector of regulation mediated by CD4+CD25+ T cells
Marina I. Garin,Chung-Ching Chu,Dela Golshayan,Dela Golshayan,Eva Cernuda-Morollón,Robin Wait,Robert I. Lechler +6 more
TL;DR: It is reported that a member of the family of beta-galactoside-binding proteins, galectin-1, is overexpressed in regulatory T cells, and that expression is increased after activation, and it is suggested that galectIn-1 is a key effector of the regulation mediated by these cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Galectin-3 and galectin-1 bind distinct cell surface glycoprotein receptors to induce T cell death.
Brianna N. Stillman,Daniel K. Hsu,Mabel Pang,C. Fred Brewer,Pauline Johnson,Fu-Tong Liu,Linda G. Baum +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that extracellular galectin-3 directly induces death of human thymocytes and T cells through distinct cell surface events and that the two death pathways may converge inside the cell.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Apoptosis of T cells mediated by galectin-1
TL;DR: Galectin-1 induced apoptosis of activated human T cells and human T leukaemia cell lines and represents a new mechanism for regulating the immune response.
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Apoptosis of T cells mediated by galectin-1
Galectins: a family of animal beta-galactoside-binding lectins.
Samuel H. Barondes,Vincent Castronovo,Douglas N.W. Cooper,Richard D. Cummings,Kurt Drickamer,Ten Felzi,Michael A. Gitt,Jun Hirabayashi,Colin Hughes,Ken-ichi Kasai,Hakon Leffler,Fu-Tong Liu,Reuben Lotan,Arthur M. Mercurio,Michel Monsigny,Shiv Pillai,Françoise Poirer,Avraham Raz,Peter W.J. Rigby,James M. Rini,John L. Wang +20 more