Ancient Voyaging and Polynesian Origins
Pedro Soares,Pedro Soares,Teresa Rito,Teresa Rito,Teresa Rito,Jean A Trejaut,Maru Mormina,Maru Mormina,Catherine Hill,E Tinkler-Hundal,Michelle Braid,Douglas J. Clarke,Jun-Hun Loo,Noel Thomson,Tim Denham,Mark Donohue,Vincent Macaulay,Marie Lin,Marie Lin,Stephen Oppenheimer,Martin B. Richards +20 more
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TLDR
It is shown that the "Polynesian motif itself most likely originated >6 ka in the vicinity of the Bismarck Archipelago, and its immediate ancestor is >8 ka old and virtually restricted to Near Oceania, which indicates that Polynesian maternal lineages from Island Southeast Asia gained a foothold in Near OCEania much earlier than dispersal from either Taiwan or Indonesia would predict.Abstract:
The “Polynesian motif” defines a lineage of human mtDNA that is restricted to Austronesian-speaking populations and is almost fixed in Polynesians. It is widely thought to support a rapid dispersal of maternal lineages from Taiwan ∼4000 years ago (4 ka), but the chronological resolution of existing control-region data is poor, and an East Indonesian origin has also been proposed. By analyzing 157 complete mtDNA genomes, we show that the motif itself most likely originated >6 ka in the vicinity of the Bismarck Archipelago, and its immediate ancestor is >8 ka old and virtually restricted to Near Oceania. This indicates that Polynesian maternal lineages from Island Southeast Asia gained a foothold in Near Oceania much earlier than dispersal from either Taiwan or Indonesia 3–4 ka would predict. However, we find evidence in minor lineages for more recent two-way maternal gene flow between Island Southeast Asia and Near Oceania, likely reflecting movements along a “voyaging corridor” between them, as previously proposed on archaeological grounds. Small-scale mid-Holocene movements from Island Southeast Asia likely transmitted Austronesian languages to the long-established Southeast Asian colonies in the Bismarcks carrying the Polynesian motif, perhaps also providing the impetus for the expansion into Polynesia.read more
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popart: full-feature software for haplotype network construction
Jessica W. Leigh,David Bryant +1 more
TL;DR: Popart is presented, an integrated software package that provides a comprehensive implementation of haplotype network methods, phylogeographic visualisation tools and standard statistical tests, together with publication‐ready figure production.
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Founder takes all: density-dependent processes structure biodiversity
TL;DR: It is proposed that well-studied evolutionary and ecological biogeographic patterns of postglacial recolonization, progressive island colonization, microbial sectoring, and even the 'Out of Africa' pattern of human expansion, are fundamentally similar, underpinned by a 'founder takes all' density-dependent principle.
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Genetic and archaeological perspectives on the initial modern human colonization of southern Asia
Paul Mellars,Paul Mellars,Kevin Gori,Kevin Gori,Martin Carr,Martin Carr,Pedro Soares,Martin B. Richards,Martin B. Richards +8 more
TL;DR: This work presents an alternative model based on a combination of genetic analyses and recent archaeological evidence from South Asia and Africa that supports a coastally oriented dispersal of modern humans from eastern Africa to southern Asia ∼60–50 thousand years ago (ka).
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The Expansion of mtDNA Haplogroup L3 within and out of Africa
Pedro Soares,Farida Alshamali,Joana B. Pereira,Joana B. Pereira,Verónica Fernandes,Verónica Fernandes,Nuno Silva,Carla Afonso,Marta D. Costa,Marta D. Costa,Eliška Musilová,Vincent Macaulay,Martin B. Richards,Viktor Černý,Luísa Pereira +14 more
TL;DR: The similarity of the age of L3 to its two non-African daughter haplogroups, M and N, suggests that the same process was likely responsible for both the L3 expansion in Eastern Africa and the dispersal of a small group of modern humans out of Africa to settle the rest of the world.
Journal ArticleDOI
Learning about human population history from ancient and modern genomes
Mark Stoneking,Johannes Krause +1 more
TL;DR: Genome-wide data from both contemporary populations and extinct hominins strongly support a single dispersal of modern humans from Africa, followed by two archaic admixture events: one with Neanderthals somewhere outside Africa and a second with Denisovans that (so far) has only been detected in New Guinea.
References
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Martin B. Richards,Martin B. Richards,Vincent Macaulay,Eileen Hickey,Emilce Vega,Bryan Sykes,Valentina Guida,Chiara Rengo,Chiara Rengo,Daniele Sellitto,Fulvio Cruciani,Toomas Kivisild,Richard Villems,Mark G. Thomas,Serge Rychkov,Oksana Rychkov,Yuri Rychkov,Mukaddes Gölge,Dimitar Dimitrov,Emmeline W. Hill,Daniel G. Bradley,Valentino Romano,Francesco Calì,Giuseppe Vona,Andrew G. Demaine,Surinder S. Papiha,Costas Triantaphyllidis,Gheorghe Stefanescu,Jiří Hatina,Michele Belledi,Anna Di Rienzo,Andrea Novelletto,Ariella Oppenheim,Søren Nørby,Nadia Al-Zaheri,S. Santachiara-Benerecetti,Rosaria Scozzari,Antonio Torroni,Antonio Torroni,Hans-Jürgen Bandelt +39 more
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