Bee diversity effects on pollination depend on functional complementarity and niche shifts.
Jochen Fründ,Carsten F. Dormann,Carsten F. Dormann,Andrea Holzschuh,Andrea Holzschuh,Teja Tscharntke +5 more
TLDR
The results highlight both the importance of bee functional diversity for the reproduction of plant communities and the need to identify complementarity traits for accurately predicting pollination services by different bee communities.Abstract:
Biodiversity is important for many ecosystem processes Global declines in pollinator diversity and abundance have been recognized, raising concerns about a pollination crisis of crops and wild plants However, experimental evidence for effects of pollinator species diversity on plant reproduction is extremely scarce We established communities with 1-5 bee species to test how seed production of a plant community is determined by bee diversity Higher bee diversity resulted in higher seed production, but the strongest difference was observed for one compared to more than one bee species Functional complementarity among bee species had a far higher explanatory power than bee diversity, suggesting that additional bee species only benefit pollination when they increase coverage of functional niches In our experiment, complementarity was driven by differences in flower and temperature preferences Interspecific interactions among bee species contributed to realized functional complementarity, as bees reduced interspecific overlap by shifting to alternative flowers in the presence of other species This increased the number of plant species visited by a bee community and demonstrates a new mechanism for a biodiversity-function relationship ("interactive complementarity") In conclusion, our results highlight both the importance of bee functional diversity for the reproduction of plant communities and the need to identify complementarity traits for accurately predicting pollination services by different bee communitiesread more
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Beyond species loss: The extinction of ecological interactions in a changing world
Alfonso Valiente-Banuet,Marcelo A. Aizen,Julio M. Alcántara,Juan Arroyo,Andrea Aristides Cocucci,Mauro Galetti,María B. García,Daniel García,José M. Gómez,José M. Gómez,Pedro Jordano,Rodrigo Medel,Luis Navarro,José Ramón Obeso,Ramona Oviedo,Nelson Ramírez,Pedro J. Rey,Anna Traveset,Miguel Verdú,Regino Zamora +19 more
TL;DR: A novel model proposes a novel approach that relates the diversity of both species and interactions along a gradient of environmental deterioration and explores how the rate of loss of ecological functions, and consequently of ecosystem services, can be accelerated or restrained depending on how the rates of species loss covaries with the rateof interactions loss.
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Cold truths: how winter drives responses of terrestrial organisms to climate change.
TL;DR: This work synthesises organismal responses to winter climate change, and uses this synthesis to build a framework to predict exposure and sensitivity to negative impacts, which can be used to estimate the vulnerability of species to winterClimate change.
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Forest biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and the provision of ecosystem services
Eckehard G. Brockerhoff,Luc Barbaro,Bastien Castagneyrol,David I. Forrester,Barry Gardiner,José Ramón González-Olabarria,Phil O'b. Lyver,Nicolas Meurisse,Anne Oxbrough,Hisatomo Taki,Ian D. Thompson,Fons van der Plas,Hervé Jactel +12 more
TL;DR: A review of forest ecosystem services including biomass production, habitat provisioning services, pollination, seed dispersal, resistance to wind storms, fire regulation and mitigation, pest regulation of native and invading insects, carbon sequestration, and cultural ecosystem services, in relation to forest type, structure and diversity is provided in this article.
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Mutually beneficial pollinator diversity and crop yield outcomes in small and large farms
Lucas Alejandro Garibaldi,Luísa G. Carvalheiro,Bernard E. Vaissière,Barbara Gemmill-Herren,Juliana Hipólito,Breno Magalhães Freitas,Hien T. Ngo,Nadine Azzu,Agustín Sáez,Jens Åström,Jiandong An,Betina Blochtein,Damayanti Buchori,Fermín J. Chamorro García,Fabiana Oliveira da Silva,Kedar Devkota,Márcia de Fátima Ribeiro,Leandro Freitas,Maria Cristina Gaglianone,Maria Goss,Mohammad Irshad,Muo Kasina,Alípio J.S. Pacheco Filho,Lúcia Helena Piedade Kiill,Peter Kwapong,Guiomar Nates Parra,Carmen S. S. Pires,Viviane C. Pires,Ranbeer S. Rawal,Akhmad Rizali,Antonio Mauro Saraiva,Ruan Veldtman,Blandina Felipe Viana,Sidia Witter,Hong Zhang +34 more
TL;DR: This study quantifies to what degree enhancing pollinator density and richness can improve yields on 344 fields from 33 pollinator-dependent crop systems in small and large farms from Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
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Predicting ecosystem functions from biodiversity and mutualistic networks: an extension of trait-based concepts to plant - animal interactions
TL;DR: A conceptual trait-based model is proposed for understanding BEF relationships of plant – animal interactions in natural ecosystems and its value for predicting the consequences of biodiversity loss for multispecies interactions and ecosystem functions is highlighted.
References
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Partitioning selection and complementarity in biodiversity experiments
Michel Loreau,Andy Hector +1 more
TL;DR: The selection effect is zero on average and varies from negative to positive in different localities, depending on whether species with lower- or higher-than-average biomass dominate communities, while the complementarity effect is positive overall, supporting the hypothesis that plant diversity influences primary production in European grasslands through niche differentiation or facilitation.
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