Journal ArticleDOI
Behavior of Metallic Silver Nanoparticles in a Pilot Wastewater Treatment Plant
Ralf Kaegi,Andreas Voegelin,Brian Sinnet,S. Zuleeg,Harald Hagendorfer,Michael Burkhardt,Hansruedi Siegrist +6 more
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Results from batch experiments suggested that Ag-NP transformation to Ag(2)S occured in the nonaerated tank within less than 2 h, which must be considered in future risk assessments.Abstract:
We investigated the behavior of metallic silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) in a pilot wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) fed with municipal wastewater. The treatment plant consisted of a nonaerated and an aerated tank and a secondary clarifier. The average hydraulic retention time including the secondary clarifier was 1 day and the sludge age was 14 days. Ag-NP were spiked into the nonaerated tank and samples were collected from the aerated tank and from the effluent. Ag concentrations determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were in good agreement with predictions based on mass balance considerations. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses confirmed that nanoscale Ag particles were sorbed to wastewater biosolids, both in the sludge and in the effluent. Freely dispersed nanoscale Ag particles were only observed in the effluent during the initial pulse spike. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements indicated that most Ag in the sludge and in the effluent was present a...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Tracking Trace Amounts of Submicrometer Silica Particles in Wastewaters and Activated Sludge Using Silica-Encapsulated DNA Barcodes
Robert N. Grass,Jeremy Schälchli,Daniela Paunescu,Justus O. B. Soellner,Ralf Kaegi,Wendelin J. Stark +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a method for tracing submicrometer silica particles in water by the usage of silica nanoparticles fully encapsulating unique DNA codes, which can be detected at extremely low concentrations by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Journal ArticleDOI
Fast multielement quantification of nanoparticles in wastewater and sludge using single-particle ICP-MS
Yuxiong Huang,Yuxiong Huang,Arturo A. Keller,Pabel Cervantes-Avilés,Pabel Cervantes-Avilés,Jenny Nelson +5 more
TL;DR: This research presents a new approach to quantitatively monitoring the presence of engineered, natural, or incidental nanoparticles (NPs) in the environment using nanofiltration membranes for the first time and shows real-time information about the concentration of nanoparticles in the atmosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of enhanced darkfield microscopy and hyperspectral analysis to analyse the fate of silver nanoparticles in wastewaters
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the capacity of EDM-HSI to evaluate the fate of silver nanoparticles in wastewaters and biosolids by coupling EDM with a pixel-by-pixel spectral analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence for the critical role of nanoscale surface roughness on the retention and release of silver nanoparticles in porous media
TL;DR: Variations in sand surface roughness can greatly change the sensitivity of nanoparticle transport to physicochemical factors such as IS and pH due to the alteration of interaction energy and thus can strongly influence nanoparticle mobility in the environment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Engineered silver nanoparticles in terrestrial environments: a meta-analysis shows that the overall environmental risk is small
TL;DR: In this paper, a meta-analysis of the behavior of Ag along the source-waste water treatment plant (WWTP) -soil- receptor pathway was performed to assess whether newly emerging Ag-based nanotechnology constitutes an environmental risk, and the results showed that most Ag-ENPs lose their engineered nano-properties and are sulfidated to Ag2S within WWTPs before being applied to agricultural soils.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
ATHENA, ARTEMIS, HEPHAESTUS: data analysis for X-ray absorption spectroscopy using IFEFFIT.
Bruce Ravel,Matthew Newville +1 more
TL;DR: A software package for the analysis of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data is presented, based on the IFEFFIT library of numerical and XAS algorithms and is written in the Perl programming language using the Perl/Tk graphics toolkit.
Journal ArticleDOI
The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles
Jose Ruben Morones,Jose Luis Elechiguerra,A. Camacho,Katherine B. Holt,Juan B. Kouri,Jose Tapia Ramirez,Miguel Jose Yacaman +6 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that the bactericidal properties of the nanoparticles are size dependent, since the only nanoparticles that present a direct interaction with the bacteria preferentially have a diameter of approximately 1-10 nm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria
Ivan Sondi,Branka Salopek-Sondi +1 more
TL;DR: These nontoxic nanomaterials, which can be prepared in a simple and cost-effective manner, may be suitable for the formulation of new types of bactericidal materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles depend on the shape of the nanoparticle? A study of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli.
TL;DR: This is the first comparative study on the bactericidal properties of silver nanoparticles of different shapes, and the results demonstrate thatsilver nanoparticles undergo a shape-dependent interaction with the gram-negative organism E. coli.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeled Environmental Concentrations of Engineered Nanomaterials (TiO2, ZnO, Ag, CNT, Fullerenes) for Different Regions
TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that risks to aquatic organisms may currently emanate from nano- Ag, nano-TiO(2), and nano-ZnO in sewage treatment effluents for all considered regions and for nano-Ag in surface waters.
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