Journal ArticleDOI
Behavior of Metallic Silver Nanoparticles in a Pilot Wastewater Treatment Plant
Ralf Kaegi,Andreas Voegelin,Brian Sinnet,S. Zuleeg,Harald Hagendorfer,Michael Burkhardt,Hansruedi Siegrist +6 more
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Results from batch experiments suggested that Ag-NP transformation to Ag(2)S occured in the nonaerated tank within less than 2 h, which must be considered in future risk assessments.Abstract:
We investigated the behavior of metallic silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) in a pilot wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) fed with municipal wastewater. The treatment plant consisted of a nonaerated and an aerated tank and a secondary clarifier. The average hydraulic retention time including the secondary clarifier was 1 day and the sludge age was 14 days. Ag-NP were spiked into the nonaerated tank and samples were collected from the aerated tank and from the effluent. Ag concentrations determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were in good agreement with predictions based on mass balance considerations. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses confirmed that nanoscale Ag particles were sorbed to wastewater biosolids, both in the sludge and in the effluent. Freely dispersed nanoscale Ag particles were only observed in the effluent during the initial pulse spike. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements indicated that most Ag in the sludge and in the effluent was present a...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of silver nanoparticles and chlorine reaction time on the regulated and emerging disinfection by-products formation.
Warangkana Na-Phatthalung,Dararat Keaonaborn,Juthamas Jaichuedee,Suthiwan Keawchouy,Suthatip Sinyoung,Charongpun Musikavong,Charongpun Musikavong +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the formation kinetics of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in the presence of AgNPs were investigated during chlorination, and the results showed that increased AgNP concentrations by 10-20 µg/L led to a higher specific formation rate of chloroform which is described by zero-and first-order kinetics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biological transfer of silver under silver nanoparticle exposure and nitrogen transfer via a collembolan-predatory mite food-chain and ecotoxicity of silver sulfide
TL;DR: In this paper , the potential risk of the accumulation and transfer of Ag under AgNPs exposure and its effects on the trophic transfer of nitrogen (N) through a soil animal food chain (Folsomia candida-Hypoaspis aculeifer).
Journal ArticleDOI
Fate of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in a Biosolid Slurry Characterized for Metal Complexation Characteristics.
TL;DR: Investigation revealed that metal binding sites of biosolids are analogs of humic substances, and any ZnO NPs dissolve to aqueous Zn in <10 d, which revealed that Zn release is a function of biosolid protonation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Temperature-driven directional coalescence of silver nanoparticles.
Shi Yan,Dongbai Sun,Yu Gong,Yuanyuan Tan,Xueqing Xing,Guang Mo,Zhongjun Chen,Quan Cai,Zhihong Li,Hongying Yu,Zhonghua Wu +10 more
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that sequential slow and fast Ostward ripening are the main methods of nanoparticle growth at lower temperatures (<500°C), whereas successive random and directional coalescences are themain methods of particle size and thermal expansion coefficient at higher temperatures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydraulic flow direction alters impacts of AgNPs on pollutant removal and silver spatial distribution in vertical flow constructed wetlands
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of AgNPs on pollutant removals in constructed wetlands (CWs) with different flow patterns and spatial distributions of silver were investigated, and the results showed that up-flow CWs had better performance and higher resistance to the exposure of agNPs pollution, compared with down-flowCWs.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
ATHENA, ARTEMIS, HEPHAESTUS: data analysis for X-ray absorption spectroscopy using IFEFFIT.
Bruce Ravel,Matthew Newville +1 more
TL;DR: A software package for the analysis of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data is presented, based on the IFEFFIT library of numerical and XAS algorithms and is written in the Perl programming language using the Perl/Tk graphics toolkit.
Journal ArticleDOI
The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles
Jose Ruben Morones,Jose Luis Elechiguerra,A. Camacho,Katherine B. Holt,Juan B. Kouri,Jose Tapia Ramirez,Miguel Jose Yacaman +6 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that the bactericidal properties of the nanoparticles are size dependent, since the only nanoparticles that present a direct interaction with the bacteria preferentially have a diameter of approximately 1-10 nm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria
Ivan Sondi,Branka Salopek-Sondi +1 more
TL;DR: These nontoxic nanomaterials, which can be prepared in a simple and cost-effective manner, may be suitable for the formulation of new types of bactericidal materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles depend on the shape of the nanoparticle? A study of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli.
TL;DR: This is the first comparative study on the bactericidal properties of silver nanoparticles of different shapes, and the results demonstrate thatsilver nanoparticles undergo a shape-dependent interaction with the gram-negative organism E. coli.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeled Environmental Concentrations of Engineered Nanomaterials (TiO2, ZnO, Ag, CNT, Fullerenes) for Different Regions
TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that risks to aquatic organisms may currently emanate from nano- Ag, nano-TiO(2), and nano-ZnO in sewage treatment effluents for all considered regions and for nano-Ag in surface waters.
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