Journal ArticleDOI
Behavior of Metallic Silver Nanoparticles in a Pilot Wastewater Treatment Plant
Ralf Kaegi,Andreas Voegelin,Brian Sinnet,S. Zuleeg,Harald Hagendorfer,Michael Burkhardt,Hansruedi Siegrist +6 more
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Results from batch experiments suggested that Ag-NP transformation to Ag(2)S occured in the nonaerated tank within less than 2 h, which must be considered in future risk assessments.Abstract:
We investigated the behavior of metallic silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) in a pilot wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) fed with municipal wastewater. The treatment plant consisted of a nonaerated and an aerated tank and a secondary clarifier. The average hydraulic retention time including the secondary clarifier was 1 day and the sludge age was 14 days. Ag-NP were spiked into the nonaerated tank and samples were collected from the aerated tank and from the effluent. Ag concentrations determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were in good agreement with predictions based on mass balance considerations. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses confirmed that nanoscale Ag particles were sorbed to wastewater biosolids, both in the sludge and in the effluent. Freely dispersed nanoscale Ag particles were only observed in the effluent during the initial pulse spike. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements indicated that most Ag in the sludge and in the effluent was present a...read more
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Emission and fate modelling framework for engineered nanoparticles in urban aquatic systems at high spatial and temporal resolution
TL;DR: In this article, an integrative modelling framework combining an emission and a fate model for ENPs with high spatial and temporal resolution is presented and strategies for data gathering and the handling of knowledge gaps are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Behaviour of fullerenes (C60) in the terrestrial environment: potential release from biosolids-amended soils.
Divina A. Navarro,Rai S. Kookana,Rai S. Kookana,Jason K. Kirby,Sheridan Martin,Ali Shareef,Jun Du,Mike J. McLaughlin,Mike J. McLaughlin +8 more
TL;DR: Examination of the release behaviour of C60 from contaminated biosolids added to soils with varying physicochemical characteristics revealed that 20-60% of the initial C60 applied could not be accounted for in these systems; the reasons for this are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Handling (Nano)Silver as Antimicrobial Agent: Therapeutic Window, Dissolution Dynamics, Detection Methods and Molecular Interactions
TL;DR: A thorough search of literature from chemistry, materials and environmental science, biology and medicine lead to this review, in which the potential use of silver and its compounds in medicine, ongoing processes of dissolution and the different methods by which this usefulness can be evaluated are resumed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gamma irradiation of cotton fabrics in AgNO3 solution for preparation of antibacterial fabrics
TL;DR: Silver nanoparticles with diameter about 12 nm were immobilized on the surface of cotton fabrics by γ-irradiation of fabrics in the AgNO3 chitosan solution and the antibacterial activity of AgNPs/cotton fabrics after 40 washings against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was found to be 99.99%.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Review on the Environmental Fate Models for Predicting the Distribution of Engineered Nanomaterials in Surface Waters.
TL;DR: This review describes and assesses the development and capability of environmental fate models (EFMs), focusing on surface waters, and identifies the opportunities and challenges in using EFMs for ENMs.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
ATHENA, ARTEMIS, HEPHAESTUS: data analysis for X-ray absorption spectroscopy using IFEFFIT.
Bruce Ravel,Matthew Newville +1 more
TL;DR: A software package for the analysis of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data is presented, based on the IFEFFIT library of numerical and XAS algorithms and is written in the Perl programming language using the Perl/Tk graphics toolkit.
Journal ArticleDOI
The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles
Jose Ruben Morones,Jose Luis Elechiguerra,A. Camacho,Katherine B. Holt,Juan B. Kouri,Jose Tapia Ramirez,Miguel Jose Yacaman +6 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that the bactericidal properties of the nanoparticles are size dependent, since the only nanoparticles that present a direct interaction with the bacteria preferentially have a diameter of approximately 1-10 nm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria
Ivan Sondi,Branka Salopek-Sondi +1 more
TL;DR: These nontoxic nanomaterials, which can be prepared in a simple and cost-effective manner, may be suitable for the formulation of new types of bactericidal materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles depend on the shape of the nanoparticle? A study of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli.
TL;DR: This is the first comparative study on the bactericidal properties of silver nanoparticles of different shapes, and the results demonstrate thatsilver nanoparticles undergo a shape-dependent interaction with the gram-negative organism E. coli.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeled Environmental Concentrations of Engineered Nanomaterials (TiO2, ZnO, Ag, CNT, Fullerenes) for Different Regions
TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that risks to aquatic organisms may currently emanate from nano- Ag, nano-TiO(2), and nano-ZnO in sewage treatment effluents for all considered regions and for nano-Ag in surface waters.
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