Journal ArticleDOI
Behavior of Metallic Silver Nanoparticles in a Pilot Wastewater Treatment Plant
Ralf Kaegi,Andreas Voegelin,Brian Sinnet,S. Zuleeg,Harald Hagendorfer,Michael Burkhardt,Hansruedi Siegrist +6 more
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Results from batch experiments suggested that Ag-NP transformation to Ag(2)S occured in the nonaerated tank within less than 2 h, which must be considered in future risk assessments.Abstract:
We investigated the behavior of metallic silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) in a pilot wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) fed with municipal wastewater. The treatment plant consisted of a nonaerated and an aerated tank and a secondary clarifier. The average hydraulic retention time including the secondary clarifier was 1 day and the sludge age was 14 days. Ag-NP were spiked into the nonaerated tank and samples were collected from the aerated tank and from the effluent. Ag concentrations determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were in good agreement with predictions based on mass balance considerations. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses confirmed that nanoscale Ag particles were sorbed to wastewater biosolids, both in the sludge and in the effluent. Freely dispersed nanoscale Ag particles were only observed in the effluent during the initial pulse spike. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements indicated that most Ag in the sludge and in the effluent was present a...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Silver nanoparticles in seawater: A dynamic mass balance at part per trillion silver concentrations.
Claudio Toncelli,Claudio Toncelli,Kyriaki Mylona,Ioanna Kalantzi,Anastasia Tsiola,Paraskevi Pitta,Manolis Tsapakis,Spiros A. Pergantis +7 more
TL;DR: Dissolution was found to be the predominant process of Ag nanoparticle transformation, with its rate being influenced by the type and thickness of the nanoparticle organic coating, and branched poly(ethyleneimine) coating provided additional stability to the 40 and 60nmAg nanoparticles that were tested, compared to the poly(vinylpyrrolidone) coated ones.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative multi-generation study on long-term effects of pristine and wastewater-borne silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles on key lifecycle parameters in Daphnia magna
Sarah Hartmann,Rebecca Louch,Rebecca Louch,Richard Zeumer,Richard Zeumer,Richard Zeumer,Benedikt Steinhoff,Darya Mozhayeva,Carsten Engelhard,Holger Schönherr,Christian Schlechtriem,Christian Schlechtriem,Christian Schlechtriem,Klaudia Witte +13 more
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of wastewater-borne nanoparticles and TiO2NPs on the aquatic invertebrate Daphnia magna in a multi-generation approach covering six generations was investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Analytical methods, formation, and dissolution of cinnabar and its impact on environmental cycle of mercury
Ying Chen,Yongguang Yin,Jianbo Shi,Guangliang Liu,Ligang Hu,Jingfu Liu,Yong Cai,Guibin Jiang +7 more
TL;DR: This review summarizes the current analytical methods for the identification, characterization, and quantification of HgS, including sequential chemical extraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, programmed thermal desorption, and selective vapor generation, among other methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the mechanism of rapid metal exchange between thiolate-protected gold and gold/silver clusters: a time-resolved in situ XAFS study.
Bei Zhang,Olga V. Safonova,Stephan Pollitt,Giovanni Salassa,Annelies Sels,Rania Kazan,Yuming Wang,Günther Rupprechter,Noelia Barrabés,Thomas Bürgi +9 more
TL;DR: The fast metal exchange reaction between Au38 and AgxAu38-x nanoclusters in solution at -20 °C has been studied by in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (time resolved quick XAFS) in transmission mode and evidence is found for cationic silver atoms within the staples.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toxicity Testing of Pristine and Aged Silver Nanoparticles in Real Wastewaters Using Bioluminescent Pseudomonas putida.
Florian Mallevre,Camille Alba,Craig Milne,Simon Gillespie,Teresa F. Fernandes,Thomas J. Aspray +5 more
TL;DR: The study demonstrates the potency of performing nanoparticle acute toxicity testing in real and complex matrices such as wastewaters using relevant bacterial bioreporters.
References
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ATHENA, ARTEMIS, HEPHAESTUS: data analysis for X-ray absorption spectroscopy using IFEFFIT.
Bruce Ravel,Matthew Newville +1 more
TL;DR: A software package for the analysis of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data is presented, based on the IFEFFIT library of numerical and XAS algorithms and is written in the Perl programming language using the Perl/Tk graphics toolkit.
Journal ArticleDOI
The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles
Jose Ruben Morones,Jose Luis Elechiguerra,A. Camacho,Katherine B. Holt,Juan B. Kouri,Jose Tapia Ramirez,Miguel Jose Yacaman +6 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that the bactericidal properties of the nanoparticles are size dependent, since the only nanoparticles that present a direct interaction with the bacteria preferentially have a diameter of approximately 1-10 nm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria
Ivan Sondi,Branka Salopek-Sondi +1 more
TL;DR: These nontoxic nanomaterials, which can be prepared in a simple and cost-effective manner, may be suitable for the formulation of new types of bactericidal materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles depend on the shape of the nanoparticle? A study of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli.
TL;DR: This is the first comparative study on the bactericidal properties of silver nanoparticles of different shapes, and the results demonstrate thatsilver nanoparticles undergo a shape-dependent interaction with the gram-negative organism E. coli.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeled Environmental Concentrations of Engineered Nanomaterials (TiO2, ZnO, Ag, CNT, Fullerenes) for Different Regions
TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that risks to aquatic organisms may currently emanate from nano- Ag, nano-TiO(2), and nano-ZnO in sewage treatment effluents for all considered regions and for nano-Ag in surface waters.
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