Journal ArticleDOI
Behavior of Metallic Silver Nanoparticles in a Pilot Wastewater Treatment Plant
Ralf Kaegi,Andreas Voegelin,Brian Sinnet,S. Zuleeg,Harald Hagendorfer,Michael Burkhardt,Hansruedi Siegrist +6 more
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Results from batch experiments suggested that Ag-NP transformation to Ag(2)S occured in the nonaerated tank within less than 2 h, which must be considered in future risk assessments.Abstract:
We investigated the behavior of metallic silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) in a pilot wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) fed with municipal wastewater. The treatment plant consisted of a nonaerated and an aerated tank and a secondary clarifier. The average hydraulic retention time including the secondary clarifier was 1 day and the sludge age was 14 days. Ag-NP were spiked into the nonaerated tank and samples were collected from the aerated tank and from the effluent. Ag concentrations determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were in good agreement with predictions based on mass balance considerations. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses confirmed that nanoscale Ag particles were sorbed to wastewater biosolids, both in the sludge and in the effluent. Freely dispersed nanoscale Ag particles were only observed in the effluent during the initial pulse spike. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements indicated that most Ag in the sludge and in the effluent was present a...read more
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Fate and Bioavailability of Engineered Nanoparticles in Soils: A Review
TL;DR: In this article, a review combines patchwise ENM research using natural soils with the much wider literature on ENM performed in standard tests or on the fate of colloids in soils, and an analysis of diverse ENM characteristics determining availability from the soil organisms' perspective to assess the main soil characteristics that determine the fate, speciation, and ultimately bioavailability of ENM in natural soils.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of nanomaterial aging and transformations through the life cycle of nano-enhanced products.
TL;DR: The goal of this present review is to use knowledge on the life cycle of nano-products to derive possible transformations common ENPs in nano- products may undergo based on how these products will be used by the consumer and eventually discarded.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fate of Zinc Oxide and Silver Nanoparticles in a Pilot Wastewater Treatment Plant and in Processed Biosolids
Rui Ma,Clément Levard,Jonathan D. Judy,Jason M. Unrine,Mark Durenkamp,Ben Martin,Bruce Jefferson,Gregory V. Lowry +7 more
TL;DR: Limited differences in Zn and Ag speciation among NP-dosed, ion-dose, and control biosolids indicate that these nanoparticles are transformed to similar chemical forms as bulk metals already entering the WWTP.
Journal ArticleDOI
Changes in Arabidopsis thaliana gene expression in response to silver nanoparticles and silver ions.
Rashid Kaveh,Yue-Sheng Li,Sibia Ranjbar,Rouzbeh Tehrani,Christopher L. Brueck,Benoit Van Aken +5 more
TL;DR: A significant overlap was observed between genes differentially expressed in response to AgNPs and Ag(+) (13 and 21% of total up- and downregulated genes, respectively), suggesting that AgNP-induced stress originates partly from silver toxicity and partly from nanoparticle-specific effects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Risks, Release and Concentrations of Engineered Nanomaterial in the Environment.
Bernd Giese,Bernd Giese,Fred Klaessig,Barry Park,Ralf Kaegi,Michael Steinfeldt,Henning Wigger,Henning Wigger,Arnim von Gleich,Fadri Gottschalk +9 more
TL;DR: For frequently used engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) CeO2, SiO2-, and Ag, past, current, and future use and environmental release are investigated and predicted concentrations originating in ENM use phase and those originating from end-of-life release are distinguished.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
ATHENA, ARTEMIS, HEPHAESTUS: data analysis for X-ray absorption spectroscopy using IFEFFIT.
Bruce Ravel,Matthew Newville +1 more
TL;DR: A software package for the analysis of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data is presented, based on the IFEFFIT library of numerical and XAS algorithms and is written in the Perl programming language using the Perl/Tk graphics toolkit.
Journal ArticleDOI
The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles
Jose Ruben Morones,Jose Luis Elechiguerra,A. Camacho,Katherine B. Holt,Juan B. Kouri,Jose Tapia Ramirez,Miguel Jose Yacaman +6 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that the bactericidal properties of the nanoparticles are size dependent, since the only nanoparticles that present a direct interaction with the bacteria preferentially have a diameter of approximately 1-10 nm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria
Ivan Sondi,Branka Salopek-Sondi +1 more
TL;DR: These nontoxic nanomaterials, which can be prepared in a simple and cost-effective manner, may be suitable for the formulation of new types of bactericidal materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles depend on the shape of the nanoparticle? A study of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli.
TL;DR: This is the first comparative study on the bactericidal properties of silver nanoparticles of different shapes, and the results demonstrate thatsilver nanoparticles undergo a shape-dependent interaction with the gram-negative organism E. coli.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeled Environmental Concentrations of Engineered Nanomaterials (TiO2, ZnO, Ag, CNT, Fullerenes) for Different Regions
TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that risks to aquatic organisms may currently emanate from nano- Ag, nano-TiO(2), and nano-ZnO in sewage treatment effluents for all considered regions and for nano-Ag in surface waters.
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