Journal ArticleDOI
Behavior of Metallic Silver Nanoparticles in a Pilot Wastewater Treatment Plant
Ralf Kaegi,Andreas Voegelin,Brian Sinnet,S. Zuleeg,Harald Hagendorfer,Michael Burkhardt,Hansruedi Siegrist +6 more
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Results from batch experiments suggested that Ag-NP transformation to Ag(2)S occured in the nonaerated tank within less than 2 h, which must be considered in future risk assessments.Abstract:
We investigated the behavior of metallic silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) in a pilot wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) fed with municipal wastewater. The treatment plant consisted of a nonaerated and an aerated tank and a secondary clarifier. The average hydraulic retention time including the secondary clarifier was 1 day and the sludge age was 14 days. Ag-NP were spiked into the nonaerated tank and samples were collected from the aerated tank and from the effluent. Ag concentrations determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were in good agreement with predictions based on mass balance considerations. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses confirmed that nanoscale Ag particles were sorbed to wastewater biosolids, both in the sludge and in the effluent. Freely dispersed nanoscale Ag particles were only observed in the effluent during the initial pulse spike. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements indicated that most Ag in the sludge and in the effluent was present a...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Spatiotemporal distribution of silver and silver-containing nanoparticles in a prealpine lake in relation to the discharge from a wastewater treatment plant
Roland Vogt,Darya Mozhayeva,Benedikt Steinhoff,Annika Schardt,Bastian Thiedo Frederic Spelz,Allan Philippe,Sandra Kurtz,Gabriele E. Schaumann,Carsten Engelhard,Holger Schönherr,Dunja K. Lamatsch,Josef Wanzenböck +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS, with microsecond time resolution) protocol to detect SCN in environmental samples in addition to total elemental analysis by ICP-MS/OES, and histological analysis by dark-field microscopy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fate of nanoparticles during alum and ferric coagulation monitored using single particle ICP-MS.
TL;DR: The results indicate that NP removal depends on NP surface and stability, the nature of the source water, and the coagulant type and approach.
Journal ArticleDOI
Too small to matter? Physicochemical transformation and toxicity of engineered nTiO2, nSiO2, nZnO, carbon nanotubes, and nAg.
TL;DR: This review aims to consolidate the results from previous studies related to each stage of the pathway of ENMs from being embodied in a product to disintegration/transformation in the environment, and includes the five most prevalent ENMs based on recent projected production market data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Alteration of Crop Yield and Quality of Three Vegetables upon Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles in Sludge-Amended Soil
TL;DR: The impacts of land application of sludge contaminated with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on crop yield and nutritional quality are relatively unknown as discussed by the authors, and the impacts of such sludge contamination on agricultural crops are unknown.
Journal ArticleDOI
Predicting the contribution of nanoparticles (Zn, Ti, Ag) to the annual metal load in the Dutch reaches of the Rhine and Meuse
TL;DR: A technique for estimating nanoparticles by calculating the potential releases of nano-forms of zinc, titanium and silver, the three metals that are widely used for nano-enhanced products, and comparing them to the total loads, based on measurements of the total concentration is described.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
ATHENA, ARTEMIS, HEPHAESTUS: data analysis for X-ray absorption spectroscopy using IFEFFIT.
Bruce Ravel,Matthew Newville +1 more
TL;DR: A software package for the analysis of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data is presented, based on the IFEFFIT library of numerical and XAS algorithms and is written in the Perl programming language using the Perl/Tk graphics toolkit.
Journal ArticleDOI
The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles
Jose Ruben Morones,Jose Luis Elechiguerra,A. Camacho,Katherine B. Holt,Juan B. Kouri,Jose Tapia Ramirez,Miguel Jose Yacaman +6 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that the bactericidal properties of the nanoparticles are size dependent, since the only nanoparticles that present a direct interaction with the bacteria preferentially have a diameter of approximately 1-10 nm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria
Ivan Sondi,Branka Salopek-Sondi +1 more
TL;DR: These nontoxic nanomaterials, which can be prepared in a simple and cost-effective manner, may be suitable for the formulation of new types of bactericidal materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles depend on the shape of the nanoparticle? A study of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli.
TL;DR: This is the first comparative study on the bactericidal properties of silver nanoparticles of different shapes, and the results demonstrate thatsilver nanoparticles undergo a shape-dependent interaction with the gram-negative organism E. coli.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeled Environmental Concentrations of Engineered Nanomaterials (TiO2, ZnO, Ag, CNT, Fullerenes) for Different Regions
TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that risks to aquatic organisms may currently emanate from nano- Ag, nano-TiO(2), and nano-ZnO in sewage treatment effluents for all considered regions and for nano-Ag in surface waters.
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