Journal ArticleDOI
Behavior of Metallic Silver Nanoparticles in a Pilot Wastewater Treatment Plant
Ralf Kaegi,Andreas Voegelin,Brian Sinnet,S. Zuleeg,Harald Hagendorfer,Michael Burkhardt,Hansruedi Siegrist +6 more
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Results from batch experiments suggested that Ag-NP transformation to Ag(2)S occured in the nonaerated tank within less than 2 h, which must be considered in future risk assessments.Abstract:
We investigated the behavior of metallic silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) in a pilot wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) fed with municipal wastewater. The treatment plant consisted of a nonaerated and an aerated tank and a secondary clarifier. The average hydraulic retention time including the secondary clarifier was 1 day and the sludge age was 14 days. Ag-NP were spiked into the nonaerated tank and samples were collected from the aerated tank and from the effluent. Ag concentrations determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were in good agreement with predictions based on mass balance considerations. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses confirmed that nanoscale Ag particles were sorbed to wastewater biosolids, both in the sludge and in the effluent. Freely dispersed nanoscale Ag particles were only observed in the effluent during the initial pulse spike. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements indicated that most Ag in the sludge and in the effluent was present a...read more
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Engineered nanomaterials in rivers--exposure scenarios for Switzerland at high spatial and temporal resolution.
TL;DR: Probabilistic material flow analysis and graph theory were combined to calculate predicted environmental concentrations of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in Swiss rivers and indicate highly variable local PECs and a location- and time-dependent risk evaluation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development and validation of single particle ICP-MS for sizing and quantitative determination of nano-silver in chicken meat.
Ruud J. B. Peters,Zahira E. Herrera Rivera,Greet van Bemmel,Hans J.P. Marvin,Stefan Weigel,Hans Bouwmeester +5 more
TL;DR: A method is developed and validated for sizing and quantifying nano-silver in chicken meat using single particle inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and it was shown that nano- silver in chickenmeat is not stable.
Journal ArticleDOI
Speciation of metal(loid)s in environmental samples by X-ray absorption spectroscopy: a critical review.
TL;DR: The application of μ-XANES imaging, a new combinatorial approach of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and XANES spectroscopy at the micron scale, is one of the latest technological advances allowing for lateral resolution of chemical states over wide areas due to vastly improved data processing and detector technology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Engineered nano particles: Nature, behavior, and effect on the environment.
Linee Goswami,Ki-Hyun Kim,Akash Deep,Pallabi Das,Satya Sundar Bhattacharya,Sandeep Kumar,Adedeji A. Adelodun +6 more
TL;DR: What is known about the life cycle of ENPs and their impact on natural systems is described and if there is a cohesive relationship between their transformation processes and bio-accessibility in various food chains is examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fate of Ag-NPs in Sewage Sludge after Application on Agricultural Soils.
Ana Elena Pradas del Real,Hiram Castillo-Michel,Ralf Kaegi,Brian Sinnet,Valérie Magnin,Nathaniel Findling,Julie Villanova,Marie Carrière,Catherine Santaella,Alejandro Fernandez-Martinez,Clément Levard,Géraldine Sarret +11 more
TL;DR: Investigation of silver nanoparticles in a sludge-amended soil cultivated with monocot and dicot crop species shows that Ag was preferentially associated with S-rich particles, including organic fragments, of the sludge and amended soils, and Nano-XRF evidenced the presence of mixed metallic sulfides.
References
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ATHENA, ARTEMIS, HEPHAESTUS: data analysis for X-ray absorption spectroscopy using IFEFFIT.
Bruce Ravel,Matthew Newville +1 more
TL;DR: A software package for the analysis of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data is presented, based on the IFEFFIT library of numerical and XAS algorithms and is written in the Perl programming language using the Perl/Tk graphics toolkit.
Journal ArticleDOI
The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles
Jose Ruben Morones,Jose Luis Elechiguerra,A. Camacho,Katherine B. Holt,Juan B. Kouri,Jose Tapia Ramirez,Miguel Jose Yacaman +6 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that the bactericidal properties of the nanoparticles are size dependent, since the only nanoparticles that present a direct interaction with the bacteria preferentially have a diameter of approximately 1-10 nm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria
Ivan Sondi,Branka Salopek-Sondi +1 more
TL;DR: These nontoxic nanomaterials, which can be prepared in a simple and cost-effective manner, may be suitable for the formulation of new types of bactericidal materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles depend on the shape of the nanoparticle? A study of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli.
TL;DR: This is the first comparative study on the bactericidal properties of silver nanoparticles of different shapes, and the results demonstrate thatsilver nanoparticles undergo a shape-dependent interaction with the gram-negative organism E. coli.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeled Environmental Concentrations of Engineered Nanomaterials (TiO2, ZnO, Ag, CNT, Fullerenes) for Different Regions
TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that risks to aquatic organisms may currently emanate from nano- Ag, nano-TiO(2), and nano-ZnO in sewage treatment effluents for all considered regions and for nano-Ag in surface waters.
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