Journal ArticleDOI
Biomarkers of liver fibrosis
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TLDR
Novel proteins identified by proteomic technology and genetic polymorphisms from genome association studies offer the possibility for further refinement and individualization of biomarker fibrosis models in the future.Abstract:
Fibrosis prediction is an essential part of the assessment and management of patients with chronic liver disease Blood-based biomarkers offer a number of advantages over the traditional standard of fibrosis assessment of liver biopsy, including safety, cost-savings and wide spread accessibility Current biomarker algorithms include indirect surrogate measures of fibrosis, including aminotransaminases and platelet count, or direct measures of fibrinogenesis or fibrinolysis such as hyaluronic acid and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 A number of algorithms have now been validated across a range of chronic liver disease including chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Furthermore, several models have been demonstrated to be dynamic to changes in fibrosis over time and are predictive of liver-related survival and overall survival to a greater degree than liver biopsy Current limitations of biomarker models include a significant indeterminate range, and a predictive ability that is limited to only a few stages of fibrosis Utilization of these biomarker models requires knowledge of patient co-morbidities which may produce false positive or negative results in a small proportion of individuals Furthermore, knowledge of the underlying prevalence of fibrosis in the patient population is required for interpretation of the positive or negative predictive values of a test result Novel proteins identified by proteomic technology and genetic polymorphisms from genome association studies offer the possibility for further refinement and individualization of biomarker fibrosis models in the futureread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Diagnosis and Management of Autoimmune Hepatitis in Adults and Children: 2019 Practice Guidance and Guidelines From the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.
Cara L. Mack,David H. Adams,David N. Assis,Nanda Kerkar,Michael P. Manns,M.J. Mayo,John M. Vierling,Mouaz Alsawas,Mohammad Hassan Murad,Albert J. Czaja +9 more
TL;DR: This practice guideline/guidance constitutes an update of the guidelines on AIH published in 2010 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and updates the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of AIH in adults and children.
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NASH is an Inflammatory Disorder: Pathogenic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications
TL;DR: Evidence that liver inflammation has prognostic significance in NAFLD is presented and the origins and components of liver inflammation in NASH are considered, along with mechanistic considerations, which project their implications for the effective treatment of NASH.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diabetes and nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease: a pathogenic duo.
Kathryn Williams,Kathryn Williams,Nicholas A. Shackel,Nicholas A. Shackel,Mark D. Gorrell,Mark D. Gorrell,Susan V. McLennan,Susan V. McLennan,Stephen M. Twigg,Stephen M. Twigg +9 more
TL;DR: The pathogenic links between NAFLD and diabetes are examined by exploring the epidemiological evidence in humans and also through newer animal models, and the potential role of preventive and therapeutic approaches in the setting of diabetes is examined.
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Critical comparison of elastography methods to assess chronic liver disease
TL;DR: The goal of this Review is to summarize the methodological problems of noninvasive tests in general, in addition to providing an overview on currently available techniques and latest developments in liver elastography.
Journal ArticleDOI
Asian-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) consensus guidelines on invasive and non-invasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis: a 2016 update.
Gamal Shiha,Alaa Ibrahim,Ahmed Helmy,Shiv Kumar Sarin,Masao Omata,Ashok Kumar,David Bernstien,Hitushi Maruyama,Vivek A. Saraswat,Yogesh Chawla,Saeed Hamid,Zaigham Abbas,Pierre Bedossa,Puja Sakhuja,Mamun Elmahatab,Seng Gee Lim,Laurentius A. Lesmana,Jose D. Sollano,Jidong Jia,Bahaa Abbas,Ashraf Omar,Barjesh Chander Sharma,Diana A. Payawal,Ahmed Abdallah,Abdelhamid Serwah,Abdelkhalek Hamed,Aly Elsayed,Amany AbdelMaqsod,Tarek Hassanein,Ahmed Ihab,Hamsik GHaziuan,Nizar N. Zein,Manoj Kumar +32 more
TL;DR: Advances in the field are presented, and the APASL 2016 updated version on invasive and non-invasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis, which includes invasive methods (LB and hepatic venous pressure gradient measurements), blood tests, conventional radiological methods, elastography techniques and cost-effectiveness of liver fibrosis assessment methods are presented.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
David E. Kleiner,Elizabeth M. Brunt,Mark L. Van Natta,Cynthia Behling,Melissa J. Contos,Oscar W. Cummings,Linda D. Ferrell,Yao Chang Liu,Michael Torbenson,Aynur Unalp-Arida,Matthew M. Yeh,Arthur J. McCullough,Arun J. Sanyal +12 more
TL;DR: A strong scoring system and NAS for NAFLD and NASH with reasonable inter‐rater reproducibility that should be useful for studies of both adults and children with any degree ofNAFLD are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
A simple noninvasive index can predict both significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Chun-Tao Wai,Joel K. Greenson,Robert J. Fontana,John D. Kalbfleisch,Jorge A. Marrero,Hari S. Conjeevaram,Anna S.F. Lok +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that a simple index using readily available laboratory results can identify CHC patients with significant fibrosis and cirrhosis with a high degree of accuracy and may decrease the need for staging liver biopsy specimens among patients with CHC.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development of a simple noninvasive index to predict significant fibrosis in patients with HIV/HCV coinfection
Richard K. Sterling,Eduardo Lissen,Eduardo Lissen,Nathan Clumeck,Ricard Solà,Mendes Cassia Correa,Julio S. G. Montaner,Mark S. Sulkowski,Francesca J. Torriani,Doug T. Dieterich,David L. Thomas,Diethelm Messinger,Mark T. Nelson +12 more
TL;DR: In conclusion, noninvasive tests can accurately predict hepatic fibrosis and may reduce the need for liver biopsy in the majority of HIV/HCV‐coinfected patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prospective Comparison of Transient Elastography, Fibrotest, APRI, and Liver Biopsy for the Assessment of Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis C
Laurent Castera,Julien Vergniol,Juliette Foucher,Brigitte Le Bail,E. Chanteloup,Maud Haaser,Monique Darriet,Patrice Couzigou,Victor de Ledinghen +8 more
TL;DR: FibroScan is a simple and effective method for assessing liver fibrosis, with similar performance to FibroTest and APRI, and could avoid a biopsy procedure in most patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Journal ArticleDOI
The NAFLD fibrosis score: A noninvasive system that identifies liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD
Paul Angulo,Jason M. Hui,Giulio Marchesini,Ellisabetta Bugianesi,Jacob George,Geoffrey C. Farrell,Felicity Enders,Sushma Saksena,Alastair D. Burt,John P. Bida,Keith D. Lindor,Schuyler O. Sanderson,Marco Lenzi,Leon A. Adams,James G. Kench,Terry M. Therneau,Christopher P. Day +16 more
TL;DR: A simple scoring system accurately separates patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with and without advanced fibrosis, rendering liver biopsy for identification ofAdvanced fibrosis unnecessary in a substantial proportion of patients.