Biomaterials: Foreign Bodies or Tuners for the Immune Response?
TLDR
Recent research breakthroughs have provided a broader insight on the correct choice of biomaterial physicochemical modifications to tune the reaction of the host immune system to implanted biomaterial and to favor integration and healing.Abstract:
The perspectives of regenerative medicine are still severely hampered by the host response to biomaterial implantation, despite the robustness of technologies that hold the promise to recover the functionality of damaged organs and tissues. In this scenario, the cellular and molecular events that decide on implant success and tissue regeneration are played at the interface between the foreign body and the host inflammation, determined by innate and adaptive immune responses. To avoid adverse events, rather than the use of inert scaffolds, current state of the art points to the use of immunomodulatory biomaterials and their knowledge-based use to reduce neutrophil activation, and optimize M1 to M2 macrophage polarization, Th1 to Th2 lymphocyte switch, and Treg induction. Despite the fact that the field is still evolving and much remains to be accomplished, recent research breakthroughs have provided a broader insight on the correct choice of biomaterial physicochemical modifications to tune the reaction of the host immune system to implanted biomaterial and to favor integration and healing.read more
Citations
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A Comparative Review of Natural and Synthetic Biopolymer Composite Scaffolds.
M. Sai Bhargava Reddy,Deepalekshmi Ponnamma,Rajan Choudhary,Rajan Choudhary,Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni +4 more
TL;DR: An overview of various natural and synthetic polymers and their possible composite scaffolds with their physicochemical properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, morphology, mechanical strength, pore size, and porosity are discussed in this article.
Mediation of biomaterial-cell interactions by adsorbed proteins: A review
TL;DR: In this article, a review illustrates the mediation of cell responses to biomaterials by adsorbed proteins, in the context of osteoblasts and selected materials used in orthopedic implants and bone tissue engineering.
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Hydrogels in the clinic.
Abhirup Mandal,Abhirup Mandal,John R. Clegg,John R. Clegg,Aaron C. Anselmo,Samir Mitragotri,Samir Mitragotri +6 more
TL;DR: The current clinical landscape of injectable hydrogel technologies, including hydrogels that have been clinically approved or are currently being investigated in clinical settings, are analyzed to highlight key clinical areas that hydroges have found sustained success in and further discuss challenges that may limit their future clinical translation.
Osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow MSCs by β-tricalcium phosphate stimulating macrophages via BMP2 signalling pathway
TL;DR: Interestingly, when macrophage-conditioned β-TCP extracts were applied to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was significantly enhanced, indicating the important role of macrophages in biomaterial-induced osteogenesis.
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Periosteal matrix-derived hydrogel promotes bone repair through an early immune regulation coupled with enhanced angio- and osteogenesis
TL;DR: An injectable periosteal extracellular matrix (PEM) hydrogel that dynamically integrates multiple biological functions and, therefore, acts at different stages of the fracture healing process, may serve as promising biomaterials in bone tissue engineering.
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