Characteristics of an immune system common to certain external secretions
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The γ1A present in saliva and colostrum exists largely in the form of higher polymers, the major component of which has a sedimentation coefficient of 11S, and its properties including the local production of a distinctive type of antibody separate it from the "systemic" system responsible for the production of circulating antibody.Abstract:
The γ1A present in saliva and colostrum exists largely in the form of higher polymers, the major component of which has a sedimentation coefficient of 11S. The 11S γ1A in these fluids differs from the polymers found in normal and myeloma sera both immunologically and by the fact that their sedimentation coefficients are unaffected by disulfide bond reduction in the absence of urea. However, like other γ-globulins the 11S γ1A molecules consist of multiple polypeptide chains linked by disulfide bonds. Local synthesis of γ1A in the salivary gland has been shown by fluorescent and autoradiographic studies, although the fraction of the total salivary γ1A which is derived from local production is uncertain. No evidence of transport of intravenously administered I131-labeled 7S γ1A from serum to saliva was obtained. Immunological specificity has been demonstrated in the salivary and colostral γ1A. Whether that portion of the γ1A which is immunologically specific is a piece incorporated during the local synthesis of γ1A in the gland or is added by the epithelial cell in the process of transport remains to be determined. Antibody activity (isohemagglutinins) have been demonstrated in saliva and colostrum and have been shown to be of the γ1A-type. In both of these fluids activity is associated primarily with γ1A-polymers of 11S and 18S sizes. There appears to be an immunological system which is characteristic of certain external secretions. Its properties including the local production of a distinctive type of antibody separate it from the "systemic" system responsible for the production of circulating antibody. This system may play a significant role in the body's defense mechanisms against allergens and microorganisms.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
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The origin of salivary IgA.
TL;DR: The view is strongly supported that, while small amounts of IgA do pass from serum to saliva, this accounts for no more than a small percentage of the total IgA in saliva, and the IgA found in the saliva probably enters by nonspecific transudation common to all serum proteins.
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Chapter 9 – Mucosal Immunoglobulins
TL;DR: The levels of IgA and IgG in human external secretions are well below serum levels and the IgA is dominant in most secretions as discussed by the authors, however, most S-IgA in humans is derived from local synthesis and not from the circulation.
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