Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Food and Food Products of Poultry Origin in Germany
Andrea T. Fessler,Kristina Kadlec,M. Hassel,Tomasz Hauschild,Christopher Eidam,Ralf Ehricht,Stefan Monecke,Stefan Schwarz +7 more
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TLDR
The presence of multiresistant and, in part, enterotoxigenic MRSA emphasizes the need for further studies to elucidate possible health hazards for consumers.Abstract:
During a survey of fresh chicken and turkey meat as well as chicken and turkey meat products for the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates in Germany, 32 (37.2%) of 86 samples were MRSA positive. Twenty-eight of these MRSA isolates belonged to clonal complex 398 (CC398), which is widespread among food-producing animals. These CC398 isolates carried SCCmec elements of type IV or V and exhibited spa type t011, t034, t899, t2346 or t6574 and either the known dru types dt2b, dt6j, dt10a, dt10q, dt11a, dt11v, and dt11ab or the novel dru types dt6m, dt10as, and dt10at. In addition, two MRSA sequence type 9 (ST9) isolates with a type IV SCCmec cassette, spa type t1430, and dru type dt10a as well as single MRSA ST5 and ST1791 isolates with a type III SCCmec cassette, spa type t002, and dru type dt9v were identified. All but two isolates were classified as multiresistant. A wide variety of resistance phenotypes and genotypes were detected. All isolates were negative for the major virulence factors, such as Panton-Valentine leukocidin, toxic shock syndrome toxin 1, or exfoliative toxins. In contrast to the MRSA CC398 isolates, the four ST9, ST5, or ST1791 isolates harbored the egc gene cluster for enterotoxin G, I, M, N, O, and U genes. Although the relevance of contamination of fresh poultry meat or poultry products with MRSA is currently unclear, the presence of multiresistant and, in part, enterotoxigenic MRSA emphasizes the need for further studies to elucidate possible health hazards for consumers.read more
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Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Molecular Characterization, Evolution, and Epidemiology
Sahreena Lakhundi,Kunyan Zhang +1 more
TL;DR: The origin of MRSA is described, with emphasis on the diverse nature of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec).
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TL;DR: An overview of Staphylococcal food-borne disease, contributing factors, risk that it imposes to the consumers, current research gaps, and preventive measures are provided.
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TL;DR: A potential role for human activities such as domestication and industrialisation in the emergence of S. aureus clones affecting livestock has been highlighted and questions of importance for future research efforts are suggested.
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Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as causes of human infection and colonization in Germany.
Robin Köck,Frieder Schaumburg,Alexander Mellmann,Mahir Köksal,A. Jurke,Karsten Becker,Alexander W. Friedrich +6 more
TL;DR: The findings indicate that LA-MRSA are a major cause for human infection and the need for close surveillance, and the occurrence of putative LA- MRSA from other clonal lineages should be monitored.
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TL;DR: Whole genome sequencing and other genetic analyses have shown that livestock-associated strains are distinct from human-derived strains, but there is also an exchange of strains between the reservoirs, which may expand the host range and thereby threaten public health.
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