Journal ArticleDOI
Contribution of anthropogenic and natural sources to atmospheric methane variability
Philippe Bousquet,Philippe Bousquet,Philippe Ciais,John B. Miller,John B. Miller,Edward J. Dlugokencky,Didier Hauglustaine,Catherine Prigent,G. R. van der Werf,Philippe Peylin,E. G. Brunke,C. Carouge,Ray L. Langenfelds,J. Lathière,Fabrice Papa,M. Ramonet,Martina Schmidt,L. P. Steele,Stanley C. Tyler,James W. C. White +19 more
TLDR
The results indicate that wetland emissions dominated the inter-annual variability of methane sources, whereas fire emissions played a smaller role, except during the 1997–1998 El Niño event.Abstract:
Methane is an important greenhouse gas, and its atmospheric concentration has nearly tripled since pre-industrial times(1). The growth rate of atmospheric methane is determined by the balance between surface emissions and photochemical destruction by the hydroxyl radical, the major atmospheric oxidant. Remarkably, this growth rate has decreased(2) markedly since the early 1990s, and the level of methane has remained relatively constant since 1999, leading to a downward revision of its projected influence on global temperatures. Large fluctuations in the growth rate of atmospheric methane are also observed from one year to the next(2), but their causes remain uncertain(2-13). Here we quantify the processes that controlled variations in methane emissions between 1984 and 2003 using an inversion model of atmospheric transport and chemistry. Our results indicate that wetland emissions dominated the inter-annual variability of methane sources, whereas fire emissions played a smaller role, except during the 1997 - 1998 El Nino event. These top-down estimates of changes in wetland and fire emissions are in good agreement with independent estimates based on remote sensing information and biogeochemical models. On longer timescales, our results show that the decrease in atmospheric methane growth during the 1990s was caused by a decline in anthropogenic emissions. Since 1999, however, they indicate that anthropogenic emissions of methane have risen again. The effect of this increase on the growth rate of atmospheric methane has been masked by a coincident decrease in wetland emissions, but atmospheric methane levels may increase in the near future if wetland emissions return to their mean 1990s levels.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Three decades of global methane sources and sinks
S. Kirschke,Philippe Bousquet,Philippe Ciais,Marielle Saunois,Josep G. Canadell,Edward J. Dlugokencky,Peter Bergamaschi,Daniel Bergmann,Donald R. Blake,Lori Bruhwiler,Philip Cameron-Smith,Simona Castaldi,Simona Castaldi,Frédéric Chevallier,Liang Feng,Annemarie Fraser,Martin Heimann,Elke L. Hodson,Sander Houweling,Béatrice Josse,Paul J. Fraser,Paul B. Krummel,Jean-Francois Lamarque,Ray L. Langenfelds,Corinne Le Quéré,Vaishali Naik,Simon O'Doherty,Paul I. Palmer,Isabelle Pison,David A. Plummer,Benjamin Poulter,Ronald G. Prinn,Matthew Rigby,Bruno Ringeval,Bruno Ringeval,Monia Santini,Martina Schmidt,Drew Shindell,Isobel J. Simpson,Renato Spahni,L. Paul Steele,Sarah A. Strode,Kengo Sudo,Sophie Szopa,Guido R. van der Werf,Apostolos Voulgarakis,Apostolos Voulgarakis,Michiel van Weele,Ray F. Weiss,J. E. Williams,Guang Zeng +50 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors construct decadal budgets for methane sources and sinks between 1980 and 2010, using a combination of atmospheric measurements and results from chemical transport models, ecosystem models, climate chemistry models and inventories of anthropogenic emissions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development and evaluation of an Earth-System model – HadGEM2
William J. Collins,Nicolas Bellouin,Marie Doutriaux-Boucher,Nicola Gedney,Paul R. Halloran,Tim Hinton,J. Hughes,Chris D. Jones,Manoj Joshi,Spencer Liddicoat,Gill Martin,Fiona M. O'Connor,J. G. L. Rae,Catherine A. Senior,Stephen Sitch,I. Totterdell,Andy Wiltshire,S. Woodward +17 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the development and evaluation of an Earth system model suitable for centennial-scale climate prediction, which includes terrestrial and ocean ecosystems and gas-phase tropospheric chemistry along with their coupled interactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The global methane budget 2000–2017
Marielle Saunois,Ann R. Stavert,Ben Poulter,Philippe Bousquet,Josep G. Canadell,Robert B. Jackson,Peter A. Raymond,Edward J. Dlugokencky,Sander Houweling,Sander Houweling,Prabir K. Patra,Prabir K. Patra,Philippe Ciais,Vivek K. Arora,David Bastviken,Peter Bergamaschi,Donald R. Blake,Gordon Brailsford,Lori Bruhwiler,Kimberly M. Carlson,Mark Carrol,Simona Castaldi,Naveen Chandra,Cyril Crevoisier,Patrick M. Crill,Kristofer R. Covey,Charles L. Curry,Giuseppe Etiope,Giuseppe Etiope,Christian Frankenberg,Nicola Gedney,Michaela I. Hegglin,Lena Höglund-Isaksson,Gustaf Hugelius,Misa Ishizawa,Akihiko Ito,Greet Janssens-Maenhout,Katherine M. Jensen,Fortunat Joos,Thomas Kleinen,Paul B. Krummel,Ray L. Langenfelds,Goulven Gildas Laruelle,Licheng Liu,Toshinobu Machida,Shamil Maksyutov,Kyle C. McDonald,Joe McNorton,Paul A. Miller,Joe R. Melton,Isamu Morino,Jurek Müller,Fabiola Murguia-Flores,Vaishali Naik,Yosuke Niwa,Sergio Noce,Simon O'Doherty,Robert J. Parker,Changhui Peng,Shushi Peng,Glen P. Peters,Catherine Prigent,Ronald G. Prinn,Michel Ramonet,Pierre Regnier,William J. Riley,Judith A. Rosentreter,Arjo Segers,Isobel J. Simpson,Hao Shi,Steven J. Smith,L. Paul Steele,Brett F. Thornton,Hanqin Tian,Yasunori Tohjima,Francesco N. Tubiello,Aki Tsuruta,Nicolas Viovy,Apostolos Voulgarakis,Apostolos Voulgarakis,Thomas Weber,Michiel van Weele,Guido R. van der Werf,Ray F. Weiss,Doug Worthy,Debra Wunch,Yi Yin,Yi Yin,Yukio Yoshida,Weiya Zhang,Zhen Zhang,Yuanhong Zhao,Bo Zheng,Qing Zhu,Qiuan Zhu,Qianlai Zhuang +95 more
TL;DR: The second version of the living review paper dedicated to the decadal methane budget, integrating results of top-down studies (atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modeling framework) and bottom-up estimates (including process-based models for estimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry, inventories of anthropogenic emissions, and data-driven extrapolations) as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sensitivity of the carbon cycle in the Arctic to climate change
A. David McGuire,Leif G. Anderson,Torben R. Christensen,Scott R. Dallimore,Laodong Guo,Daniel J. Hayes,Martin Heimann,Thomas D. Lorenson,Robie W. Macdonald,Nigel T. Roulet +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive review of the status of the contemporary carbon cycle of the Arctic and its response to climate change is presented to clarify key uncertainties and vulnerabilities in the response of the carbon cycle in the Arctic to ongoing climatic change.
Journal ArticleDOI
Non-CO2 greenhouse gases and climate change.
TL;DR: Reducing non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions would be a relatively quick way of contributing to this goal and offers an additional opportunity to lessen future climate change.
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