Journal ArticleDOI
Endocytosis at the nanoscale
Irene Canton,Giuseppe Battaglia +1 more
TLDR
An overview of the biology of endocytosis is presented and its implications in cell internalisation of nanoparticles are discussed, including how nanoparticle size, shape and surface chemistry can control this process effectively.Abstract:
Endocytosis is a fundamental process in which eukaryotic cells internalise molecules and macromolecules via deformation of the membrane and generation of membrane-bound carriers. Functional aspects are not only limited to uptake of nutrients, but also play a primary role in evolutionary conserved processes such as the regulation of plasma membrane protein activity (i.e. signal-transducing receptors, small-molecule transporters and ion channels), cell motility and mitosis. The macromolecular nature of the material transported by endocytosis makes this route one of the most important targets for nanomedicine. Indeed, many nanoparticle formulations have been customised to enter cells through endocytosis and deliver the cargo within the cell. In this critical review, we present an overview of the biology of endocytosis and discuss its implications in cell internalisation of nanoparticles. We discuss how nanoparticle size, shape and surface chemistry can control this process effectively. Finally, we discuss different drug delivery strategies on how to evade lysosomal degradation to promote effective release of the cargo (376 references).read more
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Recent Progress in Rare Earth Micro/Nanocrystals: Soft Chemical Synthesis, Luminescent Properties, and Biomedical Applications
TL;DR: Synthesis, Luminescent Properties, and Biomedical Applications Shili Gai,‡ Chunxia Li,† Piaoping Yang,*,‡ and Jun Lin*,† † state Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Journal ArticleDOI
Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Bioanalysis: Reliability and Challenges
TL;DR: An outlook of the key challenges in bioanalytical SERS, including reproducibility, sensitivity, and spatial and time resolution is given.
Journal ArticleDOI
Engineered nanoparticles interacting with cells: size matters
TL;DR: Common techniques to characterize NP size are summarized, recent work on the impact of NP size on active and passive cellular internalization and intracellular localization are highlighted and Cytotoxic effects are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanoparticle Uptake: The Phagocyte Problem.
TL;DR: This review focuses on describing macrophage-based initiation of downstream hallmark immunological and inflammatory processes resulting from phagocyte exposure to and internalization of nanomaterials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physical Principles of Nanoparticle Cellular Endocytosis.
Sulin Zhang,Huajian Gao,Gang Bao +2 more
TL;DR: How the kinetics, energetics, and forces are related to these interactions and dependent on the size, shape, and stiffness of nanoparticles, the biomechanical properties of the cell membrane, as well as the local environment of the cells are discussed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Functional rafts in cell membranes
Kai Simons,Elina Ikonen +1 more
TL;DR: A new aspect of cell membrane structure is presented, based on the dynamic clustering of sphingolipids and cholesterol to form rafts that move within the fluid bilayer that function as platforms for the attachment of proteins when membranes are moved around inside the cell and during signal transduction.
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A versatile vector for gene and oligonucleotide transfer into cells in culture and in vivo: polyethylenimine
Otmane Boussif,Frank Lezoualc'h,Maria Antonietta Zanta,Mojgan Mergny,Daniel Scherman,Barbara A. Demeneix,Jean-Paul Behr +6 more
TL;DR: Together, these properties make PEI a promising vector for gene therapy and an outstanding core for the design of more sophisticated devices because its efficiency relies on extensive lysosome buffering that protects DNA from nuclease degradation, and consequent lysOSomal swelling and rupture that provide an escape mechanism for the PEI/DNA particles.
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Understanding biophysicochemical interactions at the nano–bio interface
Andre E. Nel,Lutz Mädler,Darrell Velegol,Tian Xia,Eric M.V. Hoek,Ponisseril Somasundaran,Fred Klaessig,Vince Castranova,Mike Thompson +8 more
TL;DR: Probing the various interfaces of nanoparticle/biological interfaces allows the development of predictive relationships between structure and activity that are determined by nanomaterial properties such as size, shape, surface chemistry, roughness and surface coatings.
Journal ArticleDOI
Theory of self-assembly of hydrocarbon amphiphiles into micelles and bilayers
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple theory is developed that accounts for many of the observed physical properties of micelles, both globular and rod-like, and of bilayer vesicles composed of ionic or zwitterionic amphiphiles.
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Determining the size and shape dependence of gold nanoparticle uptake into mammalian cells.
TL;DR: The intracellular uptake of different sized and shaped colloidal gold nanoparticles is investigated and it is shown that kinetics and saturation concentrations are highly dependent upon the physical dimensions of the nanoparticles.