Epidemiology of Alzheimer's disease: occurrence, determinants, and strategies toward intervention
TLDR
The long-term multidomain interventions toward the optimal control of multiple vascular risk factors and the maintenance of socially integrated lifestyles and mentally stimulating activities are expected to reduce the risk or postpone the clinical onset of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease.Abstract:
More than 25 million people in the world today are affected by dementia, most suffering from Alzheimer's disease. In both developed and developing nations, Alzheimer's disease has had tremendous impact on the affected individuals, caregivers, and society. The etiological factors, other than older age and genetic susceptibility, remain to be determined. Nevertheless, increasing evidence strongly points to the potential risk roles of vascular risk factors and disorders (eg, cigarette smoking, midlife high blood pressure and obesity, diabetes, and cerebrovascular lesions) and the possible beneficial roles of psychosocial factors (eg, high education, active social engagement, physical exercise, and mentally stimulating activity) in the pathogenetic process and clinical manifestation of the dementing disorders. The long-term multidomain interventions toward the optimal control of multiple vascular risk factors and the maintenance of socially integrated lifestyles and mentally stimulating activities are expected to reduce the risk or postpone the clinical onset of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Variant of TREM2 associated with the risk of Alzheimer's disease
Thorlakur Jonsson,Hreinn Stefansson,Stacy Steinberg,Ingileif Jonsdottir,Palmi V. Jonsson,Jon Snaedal,Sigurbjorn Bjornsson,Johanna Huttenlocher,Allan I. Levey,James J. Lah,Dan Rujescu,Harald Hampel,Ina Giegling,Ole A. Andreassen,Knut Engedal,Ingun Ulstein,Srdjan Djurovic,Carla A. Ibrahim-Verbaas,Albert Hofman,M. Arfan Ikram,Cornelia M. van Duijn,Unnur Thorsteinsdottir,Augustine Kong,Kari Stefansson +23 more
TL;DR: These findings strongly implicate variant TREM2 in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and find that carriers of rs75932628-T between the ages of 80 and 100 years without Alzheimer’s disease had poorer cognitive function than noncarriers.
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A mutation in APP protects against Alzheimer’s disease and age-related cognitive decline
Thorlakur Jonsson,Jasvinder K. Atwal,Stacy Steinberg,Jon Snaedal,Palmi V. Jonsson,Sigurbjorn Bjornsson,Hreinn Stefansson,Patrick Sulem,Daniel F. Gudbjartsson,Janice A. Maloney,Kwame Hoyte,Amy Gustafson,Yichin Liu,Yanmei Lu,Tushar Bhangale,Robert R. Graham,Johanna Huttenlocher,Gyda Bjornsdottir,Ole A. Andreassen,Erik G. Jönsson,Aarno Palotie,Timothy W. Behrens,Olafur T. Magnusson,Augustine Kong,Unnur Thorsteinsdottir,Unnur Thorsteinsdottir,Ryan J. Watts,Kari Stefansson,Kari Stefansson +28 more
TL;DR: The strong protective effect of the A673T substitution against Alzheimer’s disease provides proof of principle for the hypothesis that reducing the β-cleavage of APP may protect against the disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Demonstrated brain insulin resistance in Alzheimer’s disease patients is associated with IGF-1 resistance, IRS-1 dysregulation, and cognitive decline
Konrad Talbot,Hoau-Yan Wang,Hala Kazi,Li-Ying Han,Kalindi Bakshi,Andres Stucky,Robert L. Fuino,Krista R. Kawaguchi,Andrew J. Samoyedny,Robert S. Wilson,Zoe Arvanitakis,Julie A. Schneider,Bryan A. Wolf,David A. Bennett,John Q. Trojanowski,Steven E. Arnold +15 more
TL;DR: Brain insulin resistance appears to be an early and common feature of AD, a phenomenon accompanied by IGF-1 resistance and closely associated with IRS-1 dysfunction potentially triggered by Aβ oligomers and yet promoting cognitive decline independent of classic AD pathology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Alzheimer's disease: Targeting the Cholinergic System
Talita H. Ferreira-Vieira,Isabella M. Guimaraes,Flavia Rodrigues da Silva,Fabiola M. Ribeiro +3 more
TL;DR: Synthesis of cholinergic neurons located in the basal forebrain, including the neurons that form the nucleus basalis of Meynert, are severely lost in Alzheimer’s disease, and drugs that act on the choline system represent a promising option to treat AD patients.
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