Evolution of antibody immunity to SARS-CoV-2.
Christian Gaebler,Zijun Wang,Julio C. C. Lorenzi,Frauke Muecksch,Shlomo Finkin,Minami Tokuyama,Alice Cho,Mila Jankovic,Dennis Schaefer-Babajew,Thiago Y. Oliveira,Melissa Cipolla,Charlotte Viant,Christopher O. Barnes,Yaron Bram,Gaëlle Breton,Thomas Hagglof,Pilar Mendoza,Arlene Hurley,Martina Turroja,Kristie Gordon,Katrina G. Millard,Victor A. Ramos,Fabian Schmidt,Yiska Weisblum,Divya Jha,Michael Tankelevich,Gustavo Martinez-Delgado,Jim Yee,Roshni Patel,Juan Dizon,Cecille Unson-O'Brien,Irina Shimeliovich,Davide F. Robbiani,Zhen Zhao,Anna Gazumyan,Robert E. Schwartz,Theodora Hatziioannou,Pamela J. Bjorkman,Saurabh Mehandru,Paul D. Bieniasz,Paul D. Bieniasz,Marina Caskey,Michel C. Nussenzweig,Michel C. Nussenzweig +43 more
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In this article, the authors report on the humoral memory response in a cohort of 87 individuals assessed at 1.3 and 6.2 months after infection with SARS-CoV-2.Abstract:
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected 78 million individuals and is responsible for over 1.7 million deaths to date. Infection is associated with the development of variable levels of antibodies with neutralizing activity, which can protect against infection in animal models1,2. Antibody levels decrease with time, but, to our knowledge, the nature and quality of the memory B cells that would be required to produce antibodies upon reinfection has not been examined. Here we report on the humoral memory response in a cohort of 87 individuals assessed at 1.3 and 6.2 months after infection with SARS-CoV-2. We find that titres of IgM and IgG antibodies against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 decrease significantly over this time period, with IgA being less affected. Concurrently, neutralizing activity in plasma decreases by fivefold in pseudotype virus assays. By contrast, the number of RBD-specific memory B cells remains unchanged at 6.2 months after infection. Memory B cells display clonal turnover after 6.2 months, and the antibodies that they express have greater somatic hypermutation, resistance to RBD mutations and increased potency, indicative of continued evolution of the humoral response. Immunofluorescence and PCR analyses of intestinal biopsies obtained from asymptomatic individuals at 4 months after the onset of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) revealed the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids and immunoreactivity in the small bowel of 7 out of 14 individuals. We conclude that the memory B cell response to SARS-CoV-2 evolves between 1.3 and 6.2 months after infection in a manner that is consistent with antigen persistence.read more
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COMPARATIVE IMMUNOGENICITY OF BNT162b2 mRNA VACCINE WITH NATURAL COVID-19 INFECTION
Mina Psichogiou,Andreas Karabinis,Garyphallia Poulakou,Anastasia Antoniadou,Anastasia Kotanidou,Dimitrios Degiannis,Ioanna D. Pavlopoulou,Antigoni Chaidaroglou,Sotirios Roussos,Elpida Mastrogianni,Irene Eliadi,Dimitrios Basoulis,Konstantinos Petsios,Konstantinos Leontis,Eleni Kakkalou,Konstantinos Protopapas,Edison Jahaj,Maria Pratikaki,Konstantinos N. Syrigos,Pagona Lagiou,Helen Gogas,Sotirios Tsiodras,Gkikas Magiorkinis,Dimitrios Paraskevis,Vana Sypsa,Angelos Hatzakis +25 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assessed the immunogenicity of BNT162b2 vaccine by quantitatively measuring anti-SARS-CoV-2 against the RBD domain of the spike protein (anti-RBD) and anti SARS CoV2 against nucleocapsid proteins (antiN) and found that the concentration of antiRBD in vaccinated individuals after multivariable analysis was significantly associated with age, gender, vaccination side effects (VSE), risk factors for severe COVID-19 (RFS-COV), obesity (BMI)
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Development of monoclonal antibody-based blocking ELISA for detecting SARS-CoV-2 exposure in animals
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TL;DR: In this article , a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein was developed for detection and surveillance of COVID-19 in animals.
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SARS-CoV-2 naïve and recovered individuals show qualitatively different antibody responses following mRNA vaccination
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors found that SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals receiving the first dose of an mRNA vaccine developed an antibody response with a subclass profile comparable to that induced by the natural infection, except IgA2.
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'Persistent germinal center responses: slow-growing trees bear the best fruits'.
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Memory persistence and differentiation into antibody-secreting cells accompanied by positive selection in longitudinal BCR repertoires
TL;DR: The authors analyzed the longitudinal dynamics of immunoglobulin heavy chain repertoires from memory B cells, plasmablasts, and plasma cells from the peripheral blood of generally healthy volunteers.
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