Journal ArticleDOI
Experimental evolution in fungi: An untapped resource☆
TLDR
The current state of fungal experimental evolution is described and why fungi are uniquely positioned to answer many of the outstanding questions in the field, and which fungal species are most well suited for experimental evolution are reviewed.About:
This article is published in Fungal Genetics and Biology.The article was published on 2016-09-01. It has received 26 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Experimental evolution.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Genome-Wide Analysis of Experimentally Evolved Candida auris Reveals Multiple Novel Mechanisms of Multidrug Resistance.
Hans Carolus,Siebe Pierson,José F. Muñoz,Ana Subotić,Rita B. Cruz,Christina A. Cuomo,Patrick Van Dijck +6 more
Abstract: Candida auris is globally recognized as an opportunistic fungal pathogen of high concern, due to its extensive multidrug resistance (MDR) Still, molecular mechanisms of MDR are largely unexplored This is the first account of genome-wide evolution of MDR in C auris obtained through serial in vitro exposure to azoles, polyenes, and echinocandins We show the stepwise accumulation of copy number variations and novel mutations in genes both known and unknown in antifungal drug resistance Echinocandin resistance was accompanied by a codon deletion in FKS1 hot spot 1 and a substitution in FKS1 “novel” hot spot 3 Mutations in ERG3 and CIS2 further increased the echinocandin MIC Decreased azole susceptibility was linked to a mutation in transcription factor TAC1b and overexpression of the drug efflux pump Cdr1, a segmental duplication of chromosome 1 containing ERG11, and a whole chromosome 5 duplication, which contains TAC1b The latter was associated with increased expression of ERG11, TAC1b, and CDR2 but not CDR1 The simultaneous emergence of nonsense mutations in ERG3 and ERG11 was shown to decrease amphotericin B susceptibility, accompanied with fluconazole cross-resistance A mutation in MEC3, a gene mainly known for its role in DNA damage homeostasis, further increased the polyene MIC Overall, this study shows the alarming potential for and diversity of MDR development in C auris, even in a clade until now not associated with MDR (clade II), stressing its clinical importance and the urge for future research IMPORTANCECandida auris is a recently discovered human fungal pathogen and has shown an alarming potential for developing multi- and pan-resistance toward all classes of antifungals most commonly used in the clinic Currently, C auris has been globally recognized as a nosocomial pathogen of high concern due to this evolutionary potential So far, this is the first study in which the stepwise progression of multidrug resistance (MDR) in C auris is monitored in vitro Multiple novel mutations in known resistance genes and genes previously not or vaguely associated with drug resistance reveal rapid MDR evolution in a C auris clade II isolate Additionally, this study shows that in vitro experimental evolution can be a powerful tool to discover new drug resistance mechanisms, although it has its limitations
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of the human pathogenic lifestyle in fungi
TL;DR: In this article , the authors studied the evolution of fungal pathogenicity and found that different types and mechanisms of genetic variation have contributed to the evolution and specific genetic differences distinguish pathogens from non-pathogens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Changes to social feeding behaviors are not sufficient for fitness gains of the Caenorhabditis elegans N2 reference strain.
Yuehui Zhao,Lijiang Long,Wen Xu,Richard F. Campbell,Edward E. Large,Joshua S Greene,Patrick T. McGrath +6 more
TL;DR: This work shows how pleiotropy can lead to profound behavioral changes in a popular laboratory model and suggests that the pleiotropic effects of glb-5 and npr-1 are a consequence of changes to O2 -sensing neurons that regulate both aerotaxis and energy homeostasis.
Posted ContentDOI
Genome-wide analysis of experimentally evolved Candida auris reveals multiple novel mechanisms of multidrug-resistance
Hans Carolus,Siebe Pierson,José F. Muñoz,Ana Subotić,Rita B. Cruz,Christina A. Cuomo,Patrick Van Dijck +6 more
TL;DR: The stepwise accumulation of multiple novel mutations in genes known and unknown in antifungal drug resistance, albeit almost all new for C. auris are shown, showing that in vitro experimental evolution can be a powerful tool to discover new drug resistance mechanisms, although it has its limitations.
References
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Book
The Evolution of Sex
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the short-term advantages of sex and recombination in a finite population with the long-term consequences of recombination and sex and showed that recombination has shortterm advantages for both sexes.
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The Masterpiece of Nature: The Evolution and Genetics of Sexuality
TL;DR: The Masterpiece of Nature examines sex as representative of the most important challenge to the modern theory of evolution and suggests that sex evolved, not as the result of normal Darwinian processes of natural selection, but through competition between populations or species as discussed by the authors.
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Evolution of sex
TL;DR: Understanding Homosexuality : Its Biological and Psychological Bases by J. A. Loraine.
Journal ArticleDOI
The genome sequence of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa
James E. Galagan,Sarah E. Calvo,Katherine A. Borkovich,Eric U. Selker,Nick O. Read,David B. Jaffe,William Fitzhugh,Li-Jun Ma,Serge Smirnov,Seth Purcell,Bushra Rehman,Timothy Elkins,Reinhard Engels,Shunguang Wang,Cydney B. Nielsen,Jonathan Butler,Matthew G. Endrizzi,Dayong Qui,Peter Ianakiev,Deborah Bell-Pedersen,Mary Anne Nelson,Margaret Werner-Washburne,Claude P. Selitrennikoff,John A. Kinsey,Edward L. Braun,Alex Zelter,Alex Zelter,Ulrich Schulte,Gregory O. Kothe,Gregory Jedd,Werner Mewes,Chuck Staben,Edward M. Marcotte,David Greenberg,Alice Roy,Karen Foley,Jerome Naylor,Nicole Stange-Thomann,Robert Barrett,Sante Gnerre,Michael Kamal,Manolis Kamvysselis,Evan Mauceli,Cord Bielke,Stephen Rudd,Dmitrij Frishman,Svetlana Krystofova,Carolyn G. Rasmussen,Robert L. Metzenberg,David D. Perkins,Scott Kroken,Carlo Cogoni,Giuseppe Macino,David E. A. Catcheside,Weixi Li,Robert J. Pratt,Stephen A. Osmani,Colin P.C. DeSouza,Louise Glass,Marc J. Orbach,J. Andrew Berglund,Rodger B. Voelker,Oded Yarden,Michael Plamann,Stephan Seiler,Jay C. Dunlap,Alan Radford,Rodolfo Aramayo,Donald O. Natvig,Lisa A. Alex,Gertrud Mannhaupt,Daniel J. Ebbole,Michael Freitag,Ian T. Paulsen,Matthew S. Sachs,Eric S. Lander,Chad Nusbaum,Bruce W. Birren +77 more
TL;DR: A high-quality draft sequence of the N. crassa genome is reported, suggesting that RIP has had a profound impact on genome evolution, greatly slowing the creation of new genes through genomic duplication and resulting in a genome with an unusually low proportion of closely related genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
The genomic basis of adaptive evolution in threespine sticklebacks
Felicity C. Jones,Manfred Grabherr,Manfred Grabherr,Yingguang Frank Chan,Pamela Russell,Evan Mauceli,Evan Mauceli,Jeremy Johnson,Ross Swofford,Mono Pirun,Mono Pirun,Michael C. Zody,Simon D. M. White,Ewan Birney,Stephen M. J. Searle,Jeremy Schmutz,Jane Grimwood,Mark Dickson,Richard M. Myers,Craig Miller,Craig Miller,Brian R. Summers,Anne K. Knecht,Shannon D. Brady,Haili Zhang,Alex A. Pollen,Timothy R. Howes,Chris T. Amemiya,Eric S. Lander,Federica Di Palma,Kerstin Lindblad-Toh,Kerstin Lindblad-Toh,David M. Kingsley,David M. Kingsley +33 more
TL;DR: A high-quality reference genome assembly for threespine stickleback fish is developed and it is indicated that reuse of globally shared standing genetic variation has an important role in repeated evolution of distinct marine and freshwater sticklebacks, and in the maintenance of divergent ecotypes during early stages of reproductive isolation.