Fungal biodiversity in aquatic habitats
Carol A. Shearer,Enrique Descals,Brigitte Kohlmeyer,Jan Kohlmeyer,Ludmila Marvanová,David E. Padgett,David Porter,Huzefa A. Raja,John Paul Schmit,Holly A. Thorton,Hermann Voglymayr +10 more
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TLDR
It is predicted that many species remain to be discovered in aquatic habitats given the few taxonomic specialists studying these fungi, the few substrate types studied intensively, and the vast geographical area not yet sampled.Abstract:
Fungal biodiversity in freshwater, brackish and marine habitats was estimated based on reports in the literature. The taxonomic groups treated were those with species commonly found on submerged substrates in aquatic habitats: Ascomycetes (exclusive of yeasts), Basidiomycetes, Chytridiomycetes, and the non-fungal Saprolegniales in the Class Oomycetes. Based on presence/absence data for a large number and variety of aquatic habitats, about 3,000 fungal species and 138 saprolegnialean species have been reported from aquatic habitats. The greatest number of taxa comprise the Ascomycetes, including mitosporic taxa, and Chytridiomycetes. Taxa of Basidiomycetes are, for the most part, excluded from aquatic habitats. The greatest biodiversity for all groups occurs in temperate areas, followed by Asian tropical areas. This pattern may be an artifact of the location of most of the sampling effort. The least sampled geographic areas include Africa, Australia, China, South America and boreal and tropical regions worldwide. Some species overlap occurs among terrestrial and freshwater taxa but little species overlap occurs among freshwater and marine taxa. We predict that many species remain to be discovered in aquatic habitats given the few taxonomic specialists studying these fungi, the few substrate types studied intensively, and the vast geographical area not yet sampled.read more
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The Fungi: 1, 2, 3 … 5.1 million species?
TL;DR: Technological advances make it possible to apply molecular methods to develop a stable classification and to discover and identify fungal taxa, revealing a monophyletic kingdom and increased diversity among early-diverging lineages.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diversity meets decomposition
Mark O. Gessner,Mark O. Gessner,Christopher M. Swan,Christian K. Dang,Christian K. Dang,Brendan G. McKie,Richard D. Bardgett,Diana H. Wall,Stephan Hättenschwiler +8 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that changes in species diversity within and across trophic levels can significantly alter decomposition and this happens through various mechanisms that are broadly similar in forest floors and streams.
Journal ArticleDOI
Untapped potential: exploiting fungi in bioremediation of hazardous chemicals
TL;DR: The metabolic and ecological features that make fungi suited for use in bioremediation and waste treatment processes are described, and their potential for applications is discussed on the basis of these strengths.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment: an overview of the results
TL;DR: The diversity and distribution of vertebrates, insects, crustaceans, molluscs and a suite of minor phyla is compared and commented upon and it is shown that data are deficient for many other groups.
References
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