Global cancer statistics
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TLDR
A substantial proportion of the worldwide burden of cancer could be prevented through the application of existing cancer control knowledge and by implementing programs for tobacco control, vaccination, and early detection and treatment, as well as public health campaigns promoting physical activity and a healthier dietary intake.Abstract:
The global burden of cancer continues to increase largely because of the aging and growth of the world population alongside an increasing adoption of cancer-causing behaviors, particularly smoking, in economically developing countries. Based on the GLOBOCAN 2008 estimates, about 12.7 million cancer cases and 7.6 million cancer deaths are estimated to have occurred in 2008; of these, 56% of the cases and 64% of the deaths occurred in the economically developing world. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among females, accounting for 23% of the total cancer cases and 14% of the cancer deaths. Lung cancer is the leading cancer site in males, comprising 17% of the total new cancer cases and 23% of the total cancer deaths. Breast cancer is now also the leading cause of cancer death among females in economically developing countries, a shift from the previous decade during which the most common cause of cancer death was cervical cancer. Further, the mortality burden for lung cancer among females in developing countries is as high as the burden for cervical cancer, with each accounting for 11% of the total female cancer deaths. Although overall cancer incidence rates in the developing world are half those seen in the developed world in both sexes, the overall cancer mortality rates are generally similar. Cancer survival tends to be poorer in developing countries, most likely because of a combination of a late stage at diagnosis and limited access to timely and standard treatment. A substantial proportion of the worldwide burden of cancer could be prevented through the application of existing cancer control knowledge and by implementing programs for tobacco control, vaccination (for liver and cervical cancers), and early detection and treatment, as well as public health campaigns promoting physical activity and a healthier dietary intake. Clinicians, public health professionals, and policy makers can play an active role in accelerating the application of such interventions globally.read more
Citations
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What do predict anxiety and depression in breast cancer patients? A follow-up study
TL;DR: The findings indicated that the levels of anxiety and depression decreased over time, and that all women should be routinely screened for psychological distress and that quality cancer care include processes to treat that 30% of women who have elevated psychological distress.
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Radiologic-pathologic correlation of hepatocellular carcinoma treated with internal radiation using yttrium-90 microspheres.
Ahsun Riaz,Laura Kulik,Robert J. Lewandowski,Robert K. Ryu,Georgia Giakoumis Spear,Mary F. Mulcahy,Michael Abecassis,Talia Baker,Vanessa L. Gates,Ritu Nayar,Frank H. Miller,Kent T. Sato,Reed A. Omary,Riad Salem +13 more
TL;DR: Post‐radioembolization imaging findings of response by EASL and WHO criteria are predictive of the degree of pathologic necrosis, and Rim enhancement was an imaging characteristic that correlated well with histologic Necrosis.
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Autophagy promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell invasion through activation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition
TL;DR: It is suggested that autophagy is critical for the invasion of HCC cells through the induction of EMT and that activation of TGF-β/Smad3-dependent signaling plays a key role in regulating autophophagy-induced EMT.
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Hepatitis B Virus Epidemiology
TL;DR: The increased recognition of HBV infection as a leading cause of death globally has resulted in the development of new structures and policies at the international level; immediate attention to implementing these strategies is now required.
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Physical activity, exercise, and chronic diseases: A brief review
TL;DR: The purpose of this brief review is to describe the significant global problem of chronic diseases for adults and children, and how PA and exercise can provide a non-invasive means for added prevention and treatment.
References
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Screening and Prostate-Cancer Mortality in a Randomized European Study
Fritz H. Schröder,Jonas Hugosson,Monique J. Roobol,Stefano Ciatto,Vera Nelen,Maciej Kwiatkowski,Marcos Lujan,Hans Lilja,Marco Zappa,Louis Denis,Franz Recker,A. Berenguer,Liisa Määttänen,Chris H. Bangma,Gunnar Aus,Arnauld Villers,Xavier Rebillard,Theodorus van der Kwast,Bert G. Blijenberg,Sue Moss,Harry J. de Koning,Anssi Auvinen +21 more
TL;DR: PSA-based screening reduced the rate of death from prostate cancer by 20% but was associated with a high risk of overdiagnosis.