Global cancer statistics
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TLDR
A substantial proportion of the worldwide burden of cancer could be prevented through the application of existing cancer control knowledge and by implementing programs for tobacco control, vaccination, and early detection and treatment, as well as public health campaigns promoting physical activity and a healthier dietary intake.Abstract:
The global burden of cancer continues to increase largely because of the aging and growth of the world population alongside an increasing adoption of cancer-causing behaviors, particularly smoking, in economically developing countries. Based on the GLOBOCAN 2008 estimates, about 12.7 million cancer cases and 7.6 million cancer deaths are estimated to have occurred in 2008; of these, 56% of the cases and 64% of the deaths occurred in the economically developing world. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among females, accounting for 23% of the total cancer cases and 14% of the cancer deaths. Lung cancer is the leading cancer site in males, comprising 17% of the total new cancer cases and 23% of the total cancer deaths. Breast cancer is now also the leading cause of cancer death among females in economically developing countries, a shift from the previous decade during which the most common cause of cancer death was cervical cancer. Further, the mortality burden for lung cancer among females in developing countries is as high as the burden for cervical cancer, with each accounting for 11% of the total female cancer deaths. Although overall cancer incidence rates in the developing world are half those seen in the developed world in both sexes, the overall cancer mortality rates are generally similar. Cancer survival tends to be poorer in developing countries, most likely because of a combination of a late stage at diagnosis and limited access to timely and standard treatment. A substantial proportion of the worldwide burden of cancer could be prevented through the application of existing cancer control knowledge and by implementing programs for tobacco control, vaccination (for liver and cervical cancers), and early detection and treatment, as well as public health campaigns promoting physical activity and a healthier dietary intake. Clinicians, public health professionals, and policy makers can play an active role in accelerating the application of such interventions globally.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Gastric cancer: epidemiology, prevention, classification, and treatment.
Robert Sitarz,Robert Sitarz,Małgorzata Skierucha,Jerzy Mielko,G. Johan A. Offerhaus,Ryszard Maciejewski,Wojciech Polkowski +6 more
TL;DR: A trend of steady decline in gastric cancer incidence rates is the effect of the increased standards of hygiene, conscious nutrition, and Helicobacter pylori eradication, which together constitute primary prevention.
Journal ArticleDOI
EpCAM and α-Fetoprotein Expression Defines Novel Prognostic Subtypes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Taro Yamashita,Marshonna Forgues,Wei Wang,Wei Wang,Jin Woo Kim,Jin Woo Kim,Qing-Hai Ye,Hu-Liang Jia,Anuradha Budhu,Krista A. Zanetti,Yi Chen,Lun-Xiu Qin,Zhao-You Tang,Xin Wei Wang +13 more
TL;DR: An easy classification system defined by EpCAM and AFP is proposed to reveal HCC subtypes similar to hepatic cell maturation lineages, which may enable prognostic stratification and assessment of H CC patients with adjuvant therapy and provide new insights into the potential cellular origin of HCC and its activated molecular pathways.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pathology of lung cancer.
TL;DR: Current concepts in pathologic classification of lung cancer based on 1999 World Health Organization (WHO) and IASLC classification including squamous dysplasia/carcinoma in situ, atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cellhyperplasia are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Liver Cancer Cell of Origin, Molecular Class, and Effects on Patient Prognosis
Daniela Sia,Augusto Villanueva,Scott L. Friedman,Josep M. Llovet,Josep M. Llovet,Josep M. Llovet +5 more
TL;DR: Proposals of the cell of origin of liver tumorigenesis are reviewed and the classes of liver cancer based on molecular features are clarified and how they affect patient prognosis are clarified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Landscape of genomic alterations in cervical carcinomas
Akinyemi I. Ojesina,Lee Lichtenstein,Samuel S. Freeman,Chandra Sekhar Pedamallu,Ivan Imaz-Rosshandler,Trevor J. Pugh,Andrew D. Cherniack,Lauren Ambrogio,Kristian Cibulskis,Bjørn Enge Bertelsen,Sandra Romero-Cordoba,Victor Trevino,Karla Vazquez-Santillan,Alberto Salido Guadarrama,Alexi A. Wright,Mara Rosenberg,Fujiko Duke,Bethany Kaplan,Rui Wang,Elizabeth Nickerson,Heather M. Walline,Michael S. Lawrence,Chip Stewart,Scott L. Carter,Aaron McKenna,Iram P. Rodriguez-Sanchez,Magali Espinosa-Castilla,Kathrine Woie,Line Bjørge,Elisabeth Wik,Mari K. Halle,Erling A. Hoivik,Camilla Krakstad,Nayeli Belem Gabiño,Gabriela Sofía Gómez-Macías,Lezmes D. Valdez-Chapa,María Lourdes Garza-Rodríguez,German Maytorena,Jorge Vazquez,Carlos Rodea,Adrian Cravioto,Maria L. Cortes,Heidi Greulich,Christopher P. Crum,Donna Neuberg,Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda,Claudia Rangel Escareno,Lars A. Akslen,Thomas E. Carey,Olav Karsten Vintermyr,Stacey Gabriel,Hugo A. Barrera-Saldaña,Jorge Melendez-Zajgla,Gad Getz,Helga B. Salvesen,Matthew Meyerson +55 more
TL;DR: Several recurrent genomic alterations in cervical carcinomas are demonstrated that suggest new strategies to combat this disease.
References
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