Global cancer statistics
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TLDR
A substantial proportion of the worldwide burden of cancer could be prevented through the application of existing cancer control knowledge and by implementing programs for tobacco control, vaccination, and early detection and treatment, as well as public health campaigns promoting physical activity and a healthier dietary intake.Abstract:
The global burden of cancer continues to increase largely because of the aging and growth of the world population alongside an increasing adoption of cancer-causing behaviors, particularly smoking, in economically developing countries. Based on the GLOBOCAN 2008 estimates, about 12.7 million cancer cases and 7.6 million cancer deaths are estimated to have occurred in 2008; of these, 56% of the cases and 64% of the deaths occurred in the economically developing world. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among females, accounting for 23% of the total cancer cases and 14% of the cancer deaths. Lung cancer is the leading cancer site in males, comprising 17% of the total new cancer cases and 23% of the total cancer deaths. Breast cancer is now also the leading cause of cancer death among females in economically developing countries, a shift from the previous decade during which the most common cause of cancer death was cervical cancer. Further, the mortality burden for lung cancer among females in developing countries is as high as the burden for cervical cancer, with each accounting for 11% of the total female cancer deaths. Although overall cancer incidence rates in the developing world are half those seen in the developed world in both sexes, the overall cancer mortality rates are generally similar. Cancer survival tends to be poorer in developing countries, most likely because of a combination of a late stage at diagnosis and limited access to timely and standard treatment. A substantial proportion of the worldwide burden of cancer could be prevented through the application of existing cancer control knowledge and by implementing programs for tobacco control, vaccination (for liver and cervical cancers), and early detection and treatment, as well as public health campaigns promoting physical activity and a healthier dietary intake. Clinicians, public health professionals, and policy makers can play an active role in accelerating the application of such interventions globally.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hepatocellular carcinoma: A global view.
Ju Dong Yang,Lewis R. Roberts +1 more
TL;DR: Environments with disparate resource levels require different strategies for the optimal management of HCC, and programs to provide targeted therapy at low cost, similar to the approach used for HIV therapy in the developing world, should be pursued.
Journal ArticleDOI
Punctuated Evolution of Prostate Cancer Genomes
Sylvan C. Baca,Davide Prandi,Michael S. Lawrence,Juan Miguel Mosquera,Alessandro Romanel,Yotam Drier,Yotam Drier,Kyung Park,Naoki Kitabayashi,Theresa Y. MacDonald,Mahmoud Ghandi,Eliezer M. Van Allen,Eliezer M. Van Allen,Gregory V. Kryukov,Gregory V. Kryukov,Gregory V. Kryukov,Andrea Sboner,Jean-Philippe Theurillat,David Soong,Elizabeth Nickerson,Daniel Auclair,Ashutosh K. Tewari,Himisha Beltran,Robert C. Onofrio,Gunther Boysen,Candace Guiducci,Christopher E. Barbieri,Kristian Cibulskis,Andrey Sivachenko,Scott L. Carter,Gordon Saksena,Douglas Voet,Alex H. Ramos,Alex H. Ramos,Wendy Winckler,Michelle Cipicchio,Kristin G. Ardlie,Philip W. Kantoff,Michael F. Berger,Stacey Gabriel,Todd R. Golub,Matthew Meyerson,Eric S. Lander,Olivier Elemento,Gad Getz,Francesca Demichelis,Francesca Demichelis,Mark A. Rubin,Levi A. Garraway +48 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the genesis of genomic rearrangements, including abundant DNA translocations and deletions that arise in a highly interdependent manner, was modeled and shown to induce considerable genomic derangement over relatively few events in prostate cancer and other neoplasms, supporting a model of punctuated cancer evolution.
Journal ArticleDOI
Helicobacter pylori and Gastric Cancer: Factors That Modulate Disease Risk
TL;DR: The host immune response is discussed and other host factors that increase the pathogenic potential of this bacterium are examined, including host polymorphisms, alterations to the apical-junctional complex, and the effects of environmental factors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sequence analysis of mutations and translocations across breast cancer subtypes
Shantanu Banerji,Kristian Cibulskis,Claudia Rangel-Escareño,Kristin K. Brown,Scott L. Carter,Abbie M. Frederick,Michael S. Lawrence,Andrey Sivachenko,Carrie Sougnez,Lihua Zou,Maria L. Cortes,Juan Carlos Fernández-López,Shouyong Peng,Kristin G. Ardlie,Daniel Auclair,Verónica Bautista-Piña,Fujiko Duke,Joshua M. Francis,Joonil Jung,Antonio Maffuz-Aziz,Robert C. Onofrio,Melissa Parkin,Nam Pho,Valeria Quintanar-Jurado,Alex H. Ramos,Rosa Rebollar-Vega,Sergio Rodriguez-Cuevas,Sandra Romero-Cordoba,Steven E. Schumacher,Steven E. Schumacher,Nicolas Stransky,Kristin Thompson,Laura Uribe-Figueroa,José Baselga,Rameen Beroukhim,Rameen Beroukhim,Kornelia Polyak,Dennis C. Sgroi,Andrea L. Richardson,Gerardo Jimenez-Sanchez,Eric S. Lander,Eric S. Lander,Eric S. Lander,Stacey Gabriel,Levi A. Garraway,Levi A. Garraway,Todd R. Golub,Jorge Melendez-Zajgla,Alex Toker,Gad Getz,Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda,Matthew Meyerson,Matthew Meyerson +52 more
TL;DR: Recurrent somatic mutations in PIK3CA, TP53, AKT1, GATA3 and MAP3K1 are confirmed and a recurrent MAGI3–AKT3 fusion enriched in triple-negative breast cancer lacking oestrogen and progesterone receptors and ERBB2 expression is identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular therapies and precision medicine for hepatocellular carcinoma
TL;DR: Treatment advances have been made in the past few years, and further advancements are expected in the near future, including biomarker-driven treatments and immunotherapies, as discussed in this Review.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Screening and Prostate-Cancer Mortality in a Randomized European Study
Fritz H. Schröder,Jonas Hugosson,Monique J. Roobol,Stefano Ciatto,Vera Nelen,Maciej Kwiatkowski,Marcos Lujan,Hans Lilja,Marco Zappa,Louis Denis,Franz Recker,A. Berenguer,Liisa Määttänen,Chris H. Bangma,Gunnar Aus,Arnauld Villers,Xavier Rebillard,Theodorus van der Kwast,Bert G. Blijenberg,Sue Moss,Harry J. de Koning,Anssi Auvinen +21 more
TL;DR: PSA-based screening reduced the rate of death from prostate cancer by 20% but was associated with a high risk of overdiagnosis.