Journal ArticleDOI
Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon
TLDR
Iijima et al. as mentioned in this paper reported the preparation of a new type of finite carbon structure consisting of needle-like tubes, which were produced using an arc-discharge evaporation method similar to that used for fullerene synthesis.Abstract:
THE synthesis of molecular carbon structures in the form of C60 and other fullerenes1 has stimulated intense interest in the structures accessible to graphitic carbon sheets. Here I report the preparation of a new type of finite carbon structure consisting of needle-like tubes. Produced using an arc-discharge evaporation method similar to that used for fullerene synthesis, the needles grow at the negative end of the electrode used for the arc discharge. Electron microscopy reveals that each needle comprises coaxial tubes of graphitic sheets, ranging in number from 2 up to about 50. On each tube the carbon-atom hexagons are arranged in a helical fashion about the needle axis. The helical pitch varies from needle to needle and from tube to tube within a single needle. It appears that this helical structure may aid the growth process. The formation of these needles, ranging from a few to a few tens of nanometres in diameter, suggests that engineering of carbon structures should be possible on scales considerably greater than those relevant to the fullerenes. On 7 November 1991, Sumio Iijima announced in Nature the preparation of nanometre-size, needle-like tubes of carbon — now familiar as 'nanotubes'. Used in microelectronic circuitry and microscopy, and as a tool to test quantum mechanics and model biological systems, nanotubes seem to have unlimited potential.read more
Citations
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Future perspectives for spintronic devices
TL;DR: Spintronics is one of the emerging research fields in nanotechnology and has been growing very rapidly as mentioned in this paper, which has led to the discovery of giant magnetoresistance in 1988, which utilized spin-polarized electron transport across a non-magnetic metallic layer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anomalously Immobilized Water: A New Water Phase Induced by Confinement in Nanotubes
TL;DR: The authors showed that water confined to carbon nanotubes of a critical size under ambient conditions (1 bar, 300 K) can undergo a transition into a state having icelike mobility with an amount of hydrogen bonding similar to that in liquid water.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent advances in carbon-based polymer nanocomposites for electromagnetic interference shielding
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the recent advances in carbon-based polymer nanocomposites for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is presented and related to structure and processing, focusing on the effects of nanoparticle aspect ratio and possible functionalization, dispersion and alignment during processing, as well as the use of nanohybrids and 3D reinforcements.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thermal Spray Coatings Engineered from Nanostructured Ceramic Agglomerated Powders for Structural, Thermal Barrier and Biomedical Applications: A Review
Rogerio S. Lima,Basil R. Marple +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of nanostructured materials on important areas, such as, thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) and biomedical coatings was investigated, and it was determined that by controlling the distribution and character of the semi-molten nanozones embedded in the coating microstructure, it was possible to engineer coatings that exhibited high toughness for anti-wear applications or highly friable for use as abradable, exhibiting abradability levels equivalent to those of metallic-based abradables.
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Effects of carbon nanotube functionalization on the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy composites
TL;DR: In this article, a 3:1 (v/v) mixture of concentrated H2SO4/HNO3, and then triethylenetetramine (TETA) grafting was carried out.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
C 60 : Buckminsterfullerene
Harold W. Kroto,Harold W. Kroto,James R. Heath,Sean C. O'Brien,Robert F. Curl,Richard E. Smalley +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a truncated icosahedron, a polygon with 60 vertices and 32 faces, 12 of which are pentagonal and 20 hexagonal.
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Solid C60: a new form of carbon
TL;DR: In this article, a new form of pure, solid carbon has been synthesized consisting of a somewhat disordered hexagonal close packing of soccer-ball-shaped C60 molecules.
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Filamentous growth of carbon through benzene decomposition
TL;DR: Carbon fibres have been prepared by pyrolysing a mixture of benzene and hydrogen at about 1100°C and have been studied by high resolution electron microscopy.
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Cohesive mechanism and energy bands of solid C60.
Susumu Saito,Atsushi Oshiyama +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present microscopic total energy calculations which provide a cohesive property and electronic structures of a new form of solid carbon, the face-centered-cubic crystal (fcc ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$).
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Growth, Structure, and Properties of Graphite Whiskers
TL;DR: Graphite whiskers have been grown in a dc arc under a pressure of 92 atmospheres of argon and at 3900°K as discussed by the authors, with recoverable lengths up to 3 cm. They are embedded in a solid matrix of graphite which builds up by diffusion of carbon vapor from the positive to the negative electrode.