Journal ArticleDOI
Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon
TLDR
Iijima et al. as mentioned in this paper reported the preparation of a new type of finite carbon structure consisting of needle-like tubes, which were produced using an arc-discharge evaporation method similar to that used for fullerene synthesis.Abstract:
THE synthesis of molecular carbon structures in the form of C60 and other fullerenes1 has stimulated intense interest in the structures accessible to graphitic carbon sheets. Here I report the preparation of a new type of finite carbon structure consisting of needle-like tubes. Produced using an arc-discharge evaporation method similar to that used for fullerene synthesis, the needles grow at the negative end of the electrode used for the arc discharge. Electron microscopy reveals that each needle comprises coaxial tubes of graphitic sheets, ranging in number from 2 up to about 50. On each tube the carbon-atom hexagons are arranged in a helical fashion about the needle axis. The helical pitch varies from needle to needle and from tube to tube within a single needle. It appears that this helical structure may aid the growth process. The formation of these needles, ranging from a few to a few tens of nanometres in diameter, suggests that engineering of carbon structures should be possible on scales considerably greater than those relevant to the fullerenes. On 7 November 1991, Sumio Iijima announced in Nature the preparation of nanometre-size, needle-like tubes of carbon — now familiar as 'nanotubes'. Used in microelectronic circuitry and microscopy, and as a tool to test quantum mechanics and model biological systems, nanotubes seem to have unlimited potential.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Inorganic nanotubes and fullerene-like nanoparticles
TL;DR: Fullerene-like nanoparticles have been shown to exhibit excellent solid lubrication behaviour, suggesting many applications in, for example, the automotive and aerospace industries, home appliances, and recently for medical technology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanoparticles synthesis using supercritical fluid technology - towards biomedical applications.
TL;DR: This review presents the nanomaterial preparation systematically using SCF technology with reference to the processing of biomedical materials and the more recent approach towards the in situ surface modification, dispersibility, single nanocrystal formation, and morphology control of the nanoparticles has been discussed in detail.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon nanotube–polymer interactions in nanocomposites: A review
Meysam Rahmat,Pascal Hubert +1 more
TL;DR: The interaction between carbon nanotubes and polymers is critically reviewed in this article, where various techniques of interaction measurements, including experimental and modelling studies, are described, including wetting, spectroscopy and probe microscopy techniques are discussed in detail.
Journal ArticleDOI
Morphology and Topochemical Reactions of Novel Vanadium Oxide Nanotubes
Frank Krumeich,Hans-Joachim Muhr,Markus Niederberger,Fabian Bieri,B. Schnyder,Reinhard Nesper +5 more
TL;DR: Vanadium oxide nanotubes were obtained as the main product in a sol−gel reaction followed by hydrothermal treatment from vanadium(V) alkoxide precursors and primary amines as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nonlinear Optical Materials for the Smart Filtering of Optical Radiation.
TL;DR: This Review gives emphasis to the nonlinear optical properties of photoactive materials for the function of optical power limiting and describes the known mechanisms of optical limiting for the different types of materials.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
C 60 : Buckminsterfullerene
Harold W. Kroto,Harold W. Kroto,James R. Heath,Sean C. O'Brien,Robert F. Curl,Richard E. Smalley +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a truncated icosahedron, a polygon with 60 vertices and 32 faces, 12 of which are pentagonal and 20 hexagonal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Solid C60: a new form of carbon
TL;DR: In this article, a new form of pure, solid carbon has been synthesized consisting of a somewhat disordered hexagonal close packing of soccer-ball-shaped C60 molecules.
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Filamentous growth of carbon through benzene decomposition
TL;DR: Carbon fibres have been prepared by pyrolysing a mixture of benzene and hydrogen at about 1100°C and have been studied by high resolution electron microscopy.
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Cohesive mechanism and energy bands of solid C60.
Susumu Saito,Atsushi Oshiyama +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present microscopic total energy calculations which provide a cohesive property and electronic structures of a new form of solid carbon, the face-centered-cubic crystal (fcc ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$).
Journal ArticleDOI
Growth, Structure, and Properties of Graphite Whiskers
TL;DR: Graphite whiskers have been grown in a dc arc under a pressure of 92 atmospheres of argon and at 3900°K as discussed by the authors, with recoverable lengths up to 3 cm. They are embedded in a solid matrix of graphite which builds up by diffusion of carbon vapor from the positive to the negative electrode.