Journal ArticleDOI
Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon
TLDR
Iijima et al. as mentioned in this paper reported the preparation of a new type of finite carbon structure consisting of needle-like tubes, which were produced using an arc-discharge evaporation method similar to that used for fullerene synthesis.Abstract:
THE synthesis of molecular carbon structures in the form of C60 and other fullerenes1 has stimulated intense interest in the structures accessible to graphitic carbon sheets. Here I report the preparation of a new type of finite carbon structure consisting of needle-like tubes. Produced using an arc-discharge evaporation method similar to that used for fullerene synthesis, the needles grow at the negative end of the electrode used for the arc discharge. Electron microscopy reveals that each needle comprises coaxial tubes of graphitic sheets, ranging in number from 2 up to about 50. On each tube the carbon-atom hexagons are arranged in a helical fashion about the needle axis. The helical pitch varies from needle to needle and from tube to tube within a single needle. It appears that this helical structure may aid the growth process. The formation of these needles, ranging from a few to a few tens of nanometres in diameter, suggests that engineering of carbon structures should be possible on scales considerably greater than those relevant to the fullerenes. On 7 November 1991, Sumio Iijima announced in Nature the preparation of nanometre-size, needle-like tubes of carbon — now familiar as 'nanotubes'. Used in microelectronic circuitry and microscopy, and as a tool to test quantum mechanics and model biological systems, nanotubes seem to have unlimited potential.read more
Citations
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A review of cathode materials and structures for rechargeable lithium–air batteries
TL;DR: In this article, the role of the cathode in non-aqueous Li-air batteries including the reaction mechanisms and the properties and morphologies of cathode materials, followed by approaches to optimize cathode performance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Crossover from symplectic to orthogonal class in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice.
Hidekatsu Suzuura,Tsuneya Ando +1 more
TL;DR: The weak-localization correction to the conductivity for disordered electrons in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice is calculated and it can be either positive or negative depending on the interaction range of impurity potentials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Large scale synthesis of N-doped multi-layered graphene sheets by simple arc-discharge method
TL;DR: In this article, N-doped multi-layered graphene sheets were synthesized in large scale by the method of direct current arc-discharge between pure graphite rods.
Journal ArticleDOI
Storage of hydrogen in nanostructured carbon materials
TL;DR: In this paper, the challenges, distinguishing traits, and apparent contradictions of carbon-based hydrogen storage technologies and to emphasize recently developed nanostructured carbon materials that show potential to store hydrogen by physisorption and/or chemistry-based mechanisms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon nanotubes as field emission sources
William I. Milne,Kenneth B. K. Teo,Gehan A. J. Amaratunga,Pierre Legagneux,Laurent Gangloff,Jean-Philippe Schnell,V. Semet,V. Thien Binh,Oliver Groening +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the PECVD growth process, and the microfabrication techniques needed to produce well defined carbon nanotube based micro-electron sources for use in novel parallel e-beam lithography and high frequency microwave amplifier systems are reviewed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
C 60 : Buckminsterfullerene
Harold W. Kroto,Harold W. Kroto,James R. Heath,Sean C. O'Brien,Robert F. Curl,Richard E. Smalley +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a truncated icosahedron, a polygon with 60 vertices and 32 faces, 12 of which are pentagonal and 20 hexagonal.
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Solid C60: a new form of carbon
TL;DR: In this article, a new form of pure, solid carbon has been synthesized consisting of a somewhat disordered hexagonal close packing of soccer-ball-shaped C60 molecules.
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Filamentous growth of carbon through benzene decomposition
TL;DR: Carbon fibres have been prepared by pyrolysing a mixture of benzene and hydrogen at about 1100°C and have been studied by high resolution electron microscopy.
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Cohesive mechanism and energy bands of solid C60.
Susumu Saito,Atsushi Oshiyama +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present microscopic total energy calculations which provide a cohesive property and electronic structures of a new form of solid carbon, the face-centered-cubic crystal (fcc ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$).
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Growth, Structure, and Properties of Graphite Whiskers
TL;DR: Graphite whiskers have been grown in a dc arc under a pressure of 92 atmospheres of argon and at 3900°K as discussed by the authors, with recoverable lengths up to 3 cm. They are embedded in a solid matrix of graphite which builds up by diffusion of carbon vapor from the positive to the negative electrode.