Human DNA Repair Genes
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TLDR
Modulation of DNA repair should lead to clinical applications including improvement of radiotherapy and treatment with anticancer drugs and an advanced understanding of the cellular aging process.Abstract:
Cellular DNA is subjected to continual attack, both by reactive species inside cells and by environmental agents. Toxic and mutagenic consequences are minimized by distinct pathways of repair, and 130 known human DNA repair genes are described here. Notable features presently include four enzymes that can remove uracil from DNA, seven recombination genes related to RAD51, and many recently discovered DNA polymerases that bypass damage, but only one system to remove the main DNA lesions induced by ultraviolet light. More human DNA repair genes will be found by comparison with model organisms and as common folds in three-dimensional protein structures are determined. Modulation of DNA repair should lead to clinical applications including improvement of radiotherapy and treatment with anticancer drugs and an advanced understanding of the cellular aging process.read more
Citations
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DNA repair mechanisms and Toxoplasma gondii infection
TL;DR: This review is aimed at updating current knowledge of the various repair pathways by providing an overview of DNA repair genes regarding Toxoplasma gondii infections and the corresponding proteins, participating either directly in DNA repair, or in checkpoint control and signaling of DNA damage.
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Expression of the Androgen Receptor Governs Radiation Resistance in a Subset of Glioblastomas Vulnerable to Antiandrogen Therapy.
Christian K. Werner,Uchechi J. Nna,Hanshi Sun,Kari Wilder-Romans,Joseph Dresser,Ayesha U. Kothari,Weihua Zhou,Yangyang Yao,Arvind Rao,Stefanie Stallard,Carl Koschmann,Tarik Bor,Waldemar Debinski,Alexander M. Hegedus,Meredith A. Morgan,Sriram Venneti,Edwina Baskin-Bey,Daniel E. Spratt,Howard Colman,Jann N. Sarkaria,Arul M. Chinnaiyan,Joel R. Eisner,Corey Speers,Theodore S. Lawrence,Roy E. Strowd,Daniel R. Wahl +25 more
TL;DR: Results suggest that combining blood–brain barrier permeable antiandrogens with radiation may have promise for patients with AR-positive GBMs, and indicate that AR expression is higher in GBM patient samples than normal brain tissue.
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A Strong Relationship Between Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and DNA Repair Genes
TL;DR: It is suggested that XRCC1 Arg399Gln Gln / Gln/Gln genotype, Gln allele, and homozygote variants of XR CC3 Thr241Met polymorphism may be a risk factor for predisposition of OSCC in Turkish.
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Association between CCND1 and XPC polymorphisms and bladder cancer risk: a meta-analysis based on 15 case-control studies.
TL;DR: Results from this meta-analysis support the view that the G870A polymorphism may modulate the risk of bladder cancer in conjunction with tobacco smoking and that the Ala499Val polymorphisms may contribute to the susceptibility to bladdercancer in Caucasian populations.
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Possible association of the X-ray cross complementing gene 1 (XRCC1) Arg280His polymorphism as a risk for rheumatoid arthritis.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed SNPs of the base excision repair (BER) protein, X-ray repair cross complementing gene 1 (XRCC1), among RA patients.
References
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Tomas Lindahl,Richard D. Wood +1 more
TL;DR: In some cases, DNA damage is not repaired but is instead bypassed by specialized DNA polymerases, and the integrity of the genetic information is compromised.