Mechanisms for fiber-type specificity of skeletal muscle atrophy.
Yichen Wang,Jeffrey E. Pessin +1 more
TLDR
Fast-twitch glycolytic fibers are more vulnerable than slow-twitch oxidative fibers under a variety of atrophic conditions related to signaling transduction of Forkhead box O family, autophagy inhibition, transforming growth factor beta family, and nuclear factor-kappaB.Abstract:
Purpose of reviewThere are a variety of pathophysiologic conditions that are known to induce skeletal muscle atrophy. However, muscle wasting can occur through multiple distinct signaling pathways with differential sensitivity between selective skeletal muscle fiber subtypes. This review summarizesread more
Citations
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Aging of skeletal muscle fibers.
TL;DR: Muscle size and architecture are both altered with advanced adult age and changes in myofibers include impairments in several physiological domains including muscle fiber activation, excitation-contraction coupling, actin-myosin cross-bridge interaction, energy production, and repair and regeneration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Strategies and Solutions for Team Sports Athletes in Isolation due to COVID-19
Igor Jukić,Julio Calleja-González,Julio Calleja-González,Francesc Cos,Francesco Cuzzolin,Jesús Olmo,Nicolás Terrados,Nenad Njaradi,Roberto Sassi,Bernardo Requena,Luka Milanović,Ivan Krakan,Kostas Chatzichristos,Pedro E. Alcaraz +13 more
TL;DR: Enc encouraging the athlete to reset their mindset to understand quarantine as an opportunity for development, organizing appropriate guidance, educating and encouraging athletes to apply appropriate preventive behavior and hygiene measures to promote immunity and ensuring good living isolation conditions is strongly recommended.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sarcopenia in cirrhosis: from pathogenesis to interventions
TL;DR: Various factors such as dose, type, duration of supplementations, etiology of cirrhosis, amount of dietary protein intake, and compliance with supplementation and exercise should be the focus of future large randomized controlled trials investigating both prevention and treatment of sarcopenia in this patient population.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aerobic Exercise and Pharmacological Treatments Counteract Cachexia by Modulating Autophagy in Colon Cancer.
Eva Pigna,Emanuele Berardi,Emanuele Berardi,Paola Aulino,Emanuele Rizzuto,Sandra Zampieri,Ugo Carraro,Helmut Kern,Stefano Merigliano,Mario Gruppo,Mathias Mericskay,Zhenlin Li,Marco B. L. Rocchi,Rosario Barone,Filippo Macaluso,Valentina Di Felice,Sergio Adamo,Dario Coletti,Dario Coletti,Viviana Moresi +19 more
TL;DR: It is found that the autophagic flux is overloaded in skeletal muscle of both colon carcinoma murine models and patients, but not in running C26-bearing mice, thus suggesting that exercise may release the autophile flux and ultimately rescue muscle homeostasis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative stress, redox signaling pathways, and autophagy in cachectic muscles of male patients with advanced COPD and lung cancer.
Ester Puig-Vilanova,Diego A. Rodríguez,Josep Lloreta,Pilar Ausín,Sergio Pascual-Guardia,Joan M. Broquetas,Josep Roca,Joaquim Gea,Esther Barreiro,Esther Barreiro +9 more
TL;DR: Oxidative stress and redox-sensitive signaling pathways are likely to contribute to the etiology of muscle wasting and sarcomere disruption in patients with respiratory cachexia: LC and COPD.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Fiber types in mammalian skeletal muscles.
TL;DR: Mammalian skeletal muscle comprises different fiber types, whose identity is first established during embryonic development by intrinsic myogenic control mechanisms and is later modulated by neural and hormonal factors.
Journal ArticleDOI
IKKβ/NF-κB Activation Causes Severe Muscle Wasting in Mice
Dongsheng Cai,J. Daniel Frantz,J. Daniel Frantz,Nicholas E. Tawa,Nicholas E. Tawa,Peter A. Melendez,Peter A. Melendez,Byung-Chul Oh,Byung-Chul Oh,Hart G.W. Lidov,Hart G.W. Lidov,Per-Olof Hasselgren,Per-Olof Hasselgren,Walter R. Frontera,Walter R. Frontera,Jongsoon Lee,Jongsoon Lee,David J. Glass,Steven E. Shoelson,Steven E. Shoelson +19 more
TL;DR: This article showed that activation of NF-kappaB, through muscle-specific transgenic expression of activated IkappaB kinase beta (MIKK), causes profound muscle wasting that resembles clinical cachexia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Targeting the TGFβ signalling pathway in disease.
Rosemary J. Akhurst,Akiko Hata +1 more
TL;DR: Why the TGFβ signalling pathway is a drug target, the potential clinical applications of TGF β inhibition, the issues arising with anti-TGFβ therapy and how these might be tackled using personalized approaches to dosing, monitoring of biomarkers as well as brief and/or localized drug-dosing regimens are considered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Autophagy Is Required to Maintain Muscle Mass
Eva Masiero,Lisa Agatea,Cristina Mammucari,Bert Blaauw,Emanuele Loro,Masaaki Komatsu,Daniel Metzger,Carlo Reggiani,Stefano Schiaffino,Marco Sandri +9 more
TL;DR: It is reported that muscle-specific deletion of a crucial autophagy gene, Atg7, resulted in profound muscle atrophy and age-dependent decrease in force and the results suggest that inhibition/alteration of Autophagy can contribute to myofiber degeneration and weakness in muscle disorders characterized by accumulation of abnormal mitochondria and inclusions.
Journal ArticleDOI
PGC-1α protects skeletal muscle from atrophy by suppressing FoxO3 action and atrophy-specific gene transcription
Marco Sandri,Jiandie D. Lin,Christoph Handschin,Wenli Yang,Zoltan Arany,Stewart H. Lecker,Alfred L. Goldberg,Bruce M. Spiegelman +7 more
TL;DR: The high levels of P GC-1α in dark and exercising muscles can explain their resistance to atrophy, and the rapid fall in PGC-1 α during atrophy should enhance the FoxO-dependent loss of muscle mass.