Mechanotransduction and extracellular matrix homeostasis
TLDR
Progress towards understanding the molecular, cellular and tissue-level effects that promote mechanical homeostasis has helped to identify key questions for future research.Abstract:
Soft connective tissues at steady state are dynamic; resident cells continually read environmental cues and respond to them to promote homeostasis, including maintenance of the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that are fundamental to cellular and tissue health. The mechanosensing process involves assessment of the mechanics of the ECM by the cells through integrins and the actomyosin cytoskeleton, and is followed by a mechanoregulation process, which includes the deposition, rearrangement or removal of the ECM to maintain overall form and function. Progress towards understanding the molecular, cellular and tissue-level effects that promote mechanical homeostasis has helped to identify key questions for future research.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular Mechanisms of Stress-Responsive Changes in Collagen and Elastin Networks in Skin
Jazli Aziz,Hafiz Shezali,Zamri Radzi,Noor Azlin Yahya,Noor Hayaty Abu Kassim,Jan T. Czernuszka,Mohammad Tariqur Rahman +6 more
TL;DR: This review paper proposes a model which elucidates how these molecular pathways intersect with one another, and how various internal and external factors can disrupt these pathways, ultimately leading to a disruption in collagen and elastin networks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extracellular matrix assembly: a multiscale deconstruction
TL;DR: The product is a specific ECM signature that is comprised of unique compositional and topographical features that both reflect and facilitate the functional requirements of the tissue.
Journal ArticleDOI
Force Triggers YAP Nuclear Entry by Regulating Transport across Nuclear Pores
Alberto Elosegui-Artola,Ion Andreu,Ion Andreu,Amy E. M. Beedle,Amy E. M. Beedle,Ainhoa Lezamiz,Ainhoa Lezamiz,Marina Uroz,Anita Joanna Kosmalska,Roger Oria,Jenny Z. Kechagia,Palma Rico-Lastres,Palma Rico-Lastres,Anabel-Lise Le Roux,Catherine M. Shanahan,Xavier Trepat,Daniel Navajas,Sergi Garcia-Manyes,Sergi Garcia-Manyes,Pere Roca-Cusachs +19 more
TL;DR: This work shows that force applied to the nucleus directly drives YAP nuclear translocation by decreasing the mechanical restriction of nuclear pores to molecular transport, demonstrated for YAP but with potential general applicability in transcriptional regulation.
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Effects of extracellular matrix viscoelasticity on cellular behaviour.
TL;DR: The role of viscoelasticity of tissues and extracellular matrices in cell–matrix interactions and mechanotransduction and the potential utility of vis coelastic biomaterials in regenerative medicine are explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
Concepts of extracellular matrix remodelling in tumour progression and metastasis
TL;DR: This review focuses on how tumour and tumour-associated stromal cells deposit, biochemically and biophysically modify, and degrade tumours' extracellular matrix (ECM).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Matrix elasticity directs stem cell lineage specification.
TL;DR: Naive mesenchymal stem cells are shown here to specify lineage and commit to phenotypes with extreme sensitivity to tissue-level elasticity, consistent with the elasticity-insensitive commitment of differentiated cell types.
Book
Biomechanics: Mechanical Properties of Living Tissues
Yuan-Cheng Fung,Richard Skalak +1 more
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the mechanics of Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, and Other Cells, and their role in Bone and Cartilage, and the properties of Bioviscoelastic Fluids, which are a by-product of these cells.
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Tissue Cells Feel and Respond to the Stiffness of Their Substrate
TL;DR: An understanding of how tissue cells—including fibroblasts, myocytes, neurons, and other cell types—sense matrix stiffness is just emerging with quantitative studies of cells adhering to gels with which elasticity can be tuned to approximate that of tissues.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of YAP/TAZ in mechanotransduction
Sirio Dupont,Leonardo Morsut,Mariaceleste Aragona,Elena Enzo,Stefano Giulitti,Michelangelo Cordenonsi,Francesca Zanconato,Jimmy Le Digabel,Mattia Forcato,Silvio Bicciato,Nicola Elvassore,Stefano Piccolo +11 more
TL;DR: YAP/TAZ are identified as sensors and mediators of mechanical cues instructed by the cellular microenvironment and are functionally required for differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells induced by ECM stiffness and for survival of endothelial cells regulated by cell geometry.
Journal ArticleDOI
Myofibroblasts and mechano-regulation of connective tissue remodelling
TL;DR: It is clear that the understanding of the myofibroblast — its origins, functions and molecular regulation — will have a profound influence on the future effectiveness not only of tissue engineering but also of regenerative medicine generally.