scispace - formally typeset
Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Mitophagy inhibits amyloid-β and tau pathology and reverses cognitive deficits in models of Alzheimer’s disease

TLDR
Evidence that mitophagy is impaired in the hippocampus of AD patients, in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived human AD neurons, and in animal AD models is provided, suggesting that impaired removal of defective mitochondria is a pivotal event in AD pathogenesis and thatMitophagy represents a potential therapeutic intervention.
Abstract
Accumulation of damaged mitochondria is a hallmark of aging and age-related neurodegeneration, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). The molecular mechanisms of impaired mitochondrial homeostasis in AD are being investigated. Here we provide evidence that mitophagy is impaired in the hippocampus of AD patients, in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived human AD neurons, and in animal AD models. In both amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau Caenorhabditis elegans models of AD, mitophagy stimulation (through NAD+ supplementation, urolithin A, and actinonin) reverses memory impairment through PINK-1 (PTEN-induced kinase-1)-, PDR-1 (Parkinson's disease-related-1; parkin)-, or DCT-1 (DAF-16/FOXO-controlled germline-tumor affecting-1)-dependent pathways. Mitophagy diminishes insoluble Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40 and prevents cognitive impairment in an APP/PS1 mouse model through microglial phagocytosis of extracellular Aβ plaques and suppression of neuroinflammation. Mitophagy enhancement abolishes AD-related tau hyperphosphorylation in human neuronal cells and reverses memory impairment in transgenic tau nematodes and mice. Our findings suggest that impaired removal of defective mitochondria is a pivotal event in AD pathogenesis and that mitophagy represents a potential therapeutic intervention.

read more

Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

The neuroprotective effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease: An in-depth review

TL;DR: The neuroprotective pathways that are induced following GLP-1R activation in neurons, microglia and astrocytes include synaptic protection, improvements in cognition, learning and motor function, amyloid pathology-ameliorating properties and the suppression of Ca2+ deregulation and ER stress.
Journal ArticleDOI

Rab7a and Mitophagosome Formation.

TL;DR: The small GTPase, Rab7a, and the regulators of its GDP/GTP-binding status were shown to have roles in both endocytic membrane traffic and autophagy, and recent findings on PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)-Parkin mediated mitophagy are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Vitamin B12 impacts amyloid beta-induced proteotoxicity by regulating the methionine/S-adenosylmethionine cycle.

TL;DR: Vitamin B12 supplementation of B12-deficient adult Aβ animals is beneficial, demonstrating potential for vitamin B12 as a therapy to target pathogenic features of AD triggered by proteotoxic stress.
Journal ArticleDOI

Autophagy in the mammalian nervous system: a primer for neuroscientists.

TL;DR: This minireview focuses on established and emerging concepts in the field, paying particular attention to the physiological significance of macroautophagy and the burgeoning world of selective autophagy pathways in the context of the vertebrate nervous system.
Journal ArticleDOI

Sigma-1 Receptor Activation Suppresses Microglia M1 Polarization via Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum–Mitochondria Contact and Mitochondrial Functions in Stress-induced Hypertension Rats

TL;DR: Sigma-1 receptor activation suppresses microglia M1 polarization and neuroinflammation via regulating endoplasmic reticulum–mitochondria contact and mitochondrial functions in stress-induced hypertension rats and ameliorates sympathetic hyperactivity in Stress-induced hypertensive rats.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

The genetics of caenorhabditis elegans

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe methods for the isolation, complementation and mapping of mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans, a small free-living nematode worm.
Journal ArticleDOI

A Simple Statistical Parameter for Use in Evaluation and Validation of High Throughput Screening Assays.

TL;DR: A screening window coefficient, called "Z- factor," is defined, which is reflective of both the assay signal dynamic range and the data variation associated with the signal measurements, and therefore is suitable for assay quality assessment.
Journal Article

The genetics of Caenorhabditis elegans.

Daniel S. Brenner, +1 more
- 29 Apr 1974 - 
TL;DR: Estimates of the induced mutation frequency of both the visible mutants and X chromosome lethals suggests that, just as in Drosophila, the genetic units in C. elegans are large.
Journal ArticleDOI

Alzheimer's Disease Is a Synaptic Failure

TL;DR: Mounting evidence suggests that this syndrome begins with subtle alterations of hippocampal synaptic efficacy prior to frank neuronal degeneration, and that the synaptic dysfunction is caused by diffusible oligomeric assemblies of the amyloid β protein.
Journal ArticleDOI

Triple-Transgenic Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Plaques and Tangles: Intracellular Aβ and Synaptic Dysfunction

TL;DR: The recapitulation of salient features of AD in these mice clarifies the relationships between Abeta, synaptic dysfunction, and tangles and provides a valuable model for evaluating potential AD therapeutics as the impact on both lesions can be assessed.
Related Papers (5)