mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants.
Zijun Wang,Fabian Schmidt,Yiska Weisblum,Frauke Muecksch,Christopher O. Barnes,Shlomo Finkin,Dennis Schaefer-Babajew,Melissa Cipolla,Christian Gaebler,Jenna Ariel Lieberman,Thiago Y. Oliveira,Zhi Yang,Morgan E. Abernathy,Kathryn E. Huey-Tubman,Arlene Hurley,Martina Turroja,Kamille A. West,Kristie Gordon,Katrina G. Millard,Victor A. Ramos,Justin Da Silva,Jianliang Xu,Robert A. Colbert,Roshni Patel,Juan Dizon,Cecille Unson-O'Brien,Irina Shimeliovich,Anna Gazumyan,Marina Caskey,Pamela J. Bjorkman,Rafael Casellas,Theodora Hatziioannou,Paul D. Bieniasz,Paul D. Bieniasz,Michel C. Nussenzweig,Michel C. Nussenzweig +35 more
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This paper reported on the antibody and memory B-cell responses of a cohort of 20 volunteers who received the Moderna (mRNA-1273) or Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.Abstract:
Here we report on the antibody and memory B cell responses of a cohort of 20 volunteers who received the Moderna (mRNA-1273) or Pfizer–BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccine against SARS-CoV-21–4 Eight weeks after the second injection of vaccine, volunteers showed high levels of IgM and IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) and receptor-binding-domain (RBD) binding titre Moreover, the plasma neutralizing activity and relative numbers of RBD-specific memory B cells of vaccinated volunteers were equivalent to those of individuals who had recovered from natural infection5,6 However, activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants that encode E484K-, N501Y- or K417N/E484K/N501-mutant S was reduced by a small—but significant—margin The monoclonal antibodies elicited by the vaccines potently neutralize SARS-CoV-2, and target a number of different RBD epitopes in common with monoclonal antibodies isolated from infected donors5–8 However, neutralization by 14 of the 17 most-potent monoclonal antibodies that we tested was reduced or abolished by the K417N, E484K or N501Y mutation Notably, these mutations were selected when we cultured recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing SARS-CoV-2 S in the presence of the monoclonal antibodies elicited by the vaccines Together, these results suggest that the monoclonal antibodies in clinical use should be tested against newly arising variants, and that mRNA vaccines may need to be updated periodically to avoid a potential loss of clinical efficacy The Moderna (mRNA-1273) and Pfizer–BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccines elicit anti-RBD antibodies similar to those elicited through natural infection with SARS-CoV-2, but their potent neutralizing activity was reduced or abolished by new viral variants of concernread more
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SARS-CoV-2 - SYNOPTIC CHART OF THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VIRUS, PATHOGENESIS, IMMUNE RESPONSE, IMMUNOPROPHYLAXIS
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TL;DR: This review highlights the most important advances made in understanding the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2, including the viral replication cycle, as well as COVID-19 pathogenesis, immune responses mounted by the host following natural infection and vaccines.
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Control of SARS-CoV-2 infection after Spike DNA or Spike DNA+Proteinco-immunization in rhesus macaques
Margherita Rosati,Mahesh Agarwal,Xintao Hu,Santhi Devasundaram,Dimitris Stellas,Bhabadeb Chowdhury,Jenifer Bear,Robert Burns,Duncan Donohue,Laurent Pessaint,Hanne Leth Andersen,Mark G. Lewis,Evangelos Terpos,Meletios A. Dimopoulos,Alexander Wlodawer,James I. Mullins,David Venzon,George N. Pavlakis,Barbara K. Felber +18 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the immunogenicity and protection of DNA-based vaccine regimens expressing different prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 Spike antigens upon intramuscular injection followed by electroporation in rhesus macaques.
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A hitchhiker's guide through the COVID-19 galaxy
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Neutralization assays for SARS-CoV-2: Implications for assessment of protective efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors search PubMed and preprint platforms for literature on neutralizing activity of serum from EUL COVID-19 vaccine recipients against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.
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Unique Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in the Second Large Cruise Ship Cluster in Japan
Haruka Abe,Yuri Ushijima,Murasaki Amano,Yasuteru Sakurai,Rokusuke Yoshikawa,Takaaki Kinoshita,Yohei Kurosaki,Katsunori Yanagihara,Koichi Izumikawa,Kouichi Morita,Shigeru Kohno,Jiro Yasuda +11 more
TL;DR: Phylogenetic and haplotype network analysis indicated that the CA strains were derived from a common ancestral strain introduced on the CA cruise ship and spread in a superspreading event-like manner, resulting in several mutations that might have affected viral characteristics, including the P681H substitution in the spike protein.
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