Journal ArticleDOI
mTOR complexes in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders
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TLDR
The most recent advances in studies of mTOR signaling in the brain and the possible mechanisms underlying the many different functions of the mTOR complexes in neurological diseases are described and the medical relevance is discussed.Abstract:
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) acts as a highly conserved signaling "hub" that integrates neuronal activity and a variety of synaptic inputs. mTOR is found in two functionally distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, that crucially control long-term synaptic efficacy and memory storage. Dysregulation of mTOR signaling is associated with neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. In this Review, we describe the most recent advances in studies of mTOR signaling in the brain and the possible mechanisms underlying the many different functions of the mTOR complexes in neurological diseases. In addition, we discuss the medical relevance of these findings.read more
Citations
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Layer-specific gene expression in epileptogenic type II focal cortical dysplasia: normal-looking neurons reveal the presence of a hidden laminar organization.
Laura Rossini,Valentina Medici,Laura Tassi,Francesco Cardinale,Giovanni Tringali,Manuela Bramerio,Flavio Villani,Roberto Spreafico,Rita Garbelli +8 more
TL;DR: These findings suggest the existence of hidden cortical lamination involving normal-looking neurons, which retain their ability to migrate correctly in the cortex, unlike DNs which, in addition to their morphological abnormalities and mTOR hyperactivation, show an altered migratory pattern.
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Multiplexed Neurotransmission Emulated by a p–n Cross Nanowire Synaptic Transistor for Satiety, Depression, and Drug Withdrawal
TL;DR: The first synaptic transistor that combines crossed p‐type and n‐type semiconductor nanowires (NWs) to form a bipolar conductive channels is presented, expected to facilitate emulation of complex neural behaviors, and the realization of future neuromorphic electronics that are capable of these behaviors.
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Combination anti-Aβ treatment maximizes cognitive recovery and rebalances mTOR signaling in APP mice.
Angie C.A. Chiang,Stephanie W. Fowler,Ricky R. Savjani,Susan G. Hilsenbeck,Clare E. Wallace,John R. Cirrito,Pritam Das,Joanna L. Jankowsky +7 more
TL;DR: Compared with behavior before treatment, arresting further A&bgr; production was sufficient to stop further decline in spatial learning, working memory, and associative memory, whereas combination treatment reversed each of these impairments.
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Profile of everolimus in the treatment of tuberous sclerosis complex: an evidence-based review of its place in therapy
Jamie K. Capal,David Neal Franz +1 more
TL;DR: The use of everolimus in treating subependymal giant cell astrocytomas is supported by long-term Phase II and III clinical trials and further evidence from a forthcoming Phase III clinical study may provide additional support for the use ofEverolimus for this indication.
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Alpha-Linolenic Acid-Induced Increase in Neurogenesis is a Key Factor in the Improvement in the Passive Avoidance Task After Soman Exposure.
Tetsade C.B. Piermartiri,Hongna Pan,Jun Chen,John H. McDonough,Neil E. Grunberg,James P. Apland,Ann M. Marini +6 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that alpha-linolenic acid induces a long-lasting neurorestorative effect that involves activation of mTORC1 possibly via a BDNF-TrkB-mediated mechanism.
References
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mTOR Signaling in Growth Control and Disease
TL;DR: The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway senses and integrates a variety of environmental cues to regulate organismal growth and homeostasis as mentioned in this paper, and is implicated in an increasing number of pathological conditions, including cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and neurodegeneration.
Journal ArticleDOI
mTOR signaling in growth control and disease.
TL;DR: Recent advances in understanding of the mTOR pathway are reviewed and pharmacological approaches to treat human pathologies linked to mTOR deregulation are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Molecular Biology of Memory Storage: A Dialogue Between Genes and Synapses
TL;DR: This book aims to investigate elementary forms of learning and memory at a cellular molecular level—as specific molecular activities within identified nerve cells withinidentified nerve cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of Translation Initiation in Eukaryotes: Mechanisms and Biological Targets
TL;DR: Recent advances in understanding of the molecular structures and biochemical functions of the translation initiation machinery are described and key strategies that mediate general or gene-specific translational control are summarized, particularly in mammalian systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prolonged rapamycin treatment inhibits mTORC2 assembly and Akt/PKB.
Dos D. Sarbassov,Siraj M. Ali,Siraj M. Ali,Shomit Sengupta,Shomit Sengupta,Joon Ho Sheen,Joon Ho Sheen,Peggy P. Hsu,Peggy P. Hsu,Alex F. Bagley,Alex F. Bagley,Andrew L. Markhard,Andrew L. Markhard,David M. Sabatini,David M. Sabatini +14 more
TL;DR: It is shown that rapamycin inhibits the assembly of mTORC2 and that, in many cell types, prolongedRapamycin treatment reduces the levels of m TORC2 below those needed to maintain Akt/PKB signaling.
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