Journal ArticleDOI
mTOR complexes in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders
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TLDR
The most recent advances in studies of mTOR signaling in the brain and the possible mechanisms underlying the many different functions of the mTOR complexes in neurological diseases are described and the medical relevance is discussed.Abstract:
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) acts as a highly conserved signaling "hub" that integrates neuronal activity and a variety of synaptic inputs. mTOR is found in two functionally distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, that crucially control long-term synaptic efficacy and memory storage. Dysregulation of mTOR signaling is associated with neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. In this Review, we describe the most recent advances in studies of mTOR signaling in the brain and the possible mechanisms underlying the many different functions of the mTOR complexes in neurological diseases. In addition, we discuss the medical relevance of these findings.read more
Citations
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FBXL5 Inactivation in Mouse Brain Induces Aberrant Proliferation of Neural Stem Progenitor Cells.
TL;DR: Mice lacking FBXL5 specifically in nestin-expressing neural stem progenitor cells (NSPCs) in the brain show thatFBXL5 contributes to regulation of NSPC proliferation during mammalian brain development.
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Tanc2-mediated mTOR inhibition balances mTORC1/2 signaling in the developing mouse brain and human neurons
Sun-Gyun Kim,Suho Lee,Yangsik Kim,Jieun Park,Doyeon Woo,Dayeon Kim,Yan Li,Wangyong Shin,Hyun-Jeong Kang,Chaehyun Yook,Minji Lee,Kyungdeok Kim,Junyeop Daniel Roh,Jeseung Ryu,Hwajin Jung,Seung Min Um,Esther Yang,Hyun Kim,Jinju Han,Won Do Heo,Eunjoon Kim +20 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors showed that Tanc2, a scaffolding protein, acts as a direct inhibitor of mTOR kinase activity in the developing mouse brain and cultured human neurons.
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Posttranslational protein modifications by reactive nitrogen and chlorine species and strategies for their prevention and elimination.
TL;DR: Modifications of proteins by reactive nitrogen species and reactive halogen species are briefly presented and means of prevention of these modifications and their sequelae are discussed, including the denitrase activity and inhibitors of myeloperoxidase.
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Protein synthesis regulation, a pillar of strength for innate immunity?
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Molecular Mechanism and Clinical Relevance of Ketamine as Rapid‐Acting Antidepressant
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an overview of studies addressing the antidepressant effects of ketamine in depressed patients and animal models of depression and compare the reduction of depressive symptoms in humans with the reduction in immobility time in the forced swim test in rodents after acute ketamine treatment.
References
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mTOR Signaling in Growth Control and Disease
TL;DR: The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway senses and integrates a variety of environmental cues to regulate organismal growth and homeostasis as mentioned in this paper, and is implicated in an increasing number of pathological conditions, including cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and neurodegeneration.
Journal ArticleDOI
mTOR signaling in growth control and disease.
TL;DR: Recent advances in understanding of the mTOR pathway are reviewed and pharmacological approaches to treat human pathologies linked to mTOR deregulation are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Molecular Biology of Memory Storage: A Dialogue Between Genes and Synapses
TL;DR: This book aims to investigate elementary forms of learning and memory at a cellular molecular level—as specific molecular activities within identified nerve cells withinidentified nerve cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of Translation Initiation in Eukaryotes: Mechanisms and Biological Targets
TL;DR: Recent advances in understanding of the molecular structures and biochemical functions of the translation initiation machinery are described and key strategies that mediate general or gene-specific translational control are summarized, particularly in mammalian systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prolonged rapamycin treatment inhibits mTORC2 assembly and Akt/PKB.
Dos D. Sarbassov,Siraj M. Ali,Siraj M. Ali,Shomit Sengupta,Shomit Sengupta,Joon Ho Sheen,Joon Ho Sheen,Peggy P. Hsu,Peggy P. Hsu,Alex F. Bagley,Alex F. Bagley,Andrew L. Markhard,Andrew L. Markhard,David M. Sabatini,David M. Sabatini +14 more
TL;DR: It is shown that rapamycin inhibits the assembly of mTORC2 and that, in many cell types, prolongedRapamycin treatment reduces the levels of m TORC2 below those needed to maintain Akt/PKB signaling.
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