Pattern recognition receptors: doubling up for the innate immune response.
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TLDR
Antigen presenting cells (macrophages and dendritic cells) express pattern recognition molecules that are thought to recognize foreign ligands during early phases of the immune response, suggesting that they play a dual role in normal tissue function and host defense.About:
This article is published in Cell.The article was published on 2002-12-27 and is currently open access. It has received 1210 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Immune receptor & Pattern recognition receptor.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Development of Monocytes, Macrophages, and Dendritic Cells
TL;DR: The current understanding of myeloid lineage development is reviewed and the developmental pathways and cues that drive differentiation are described, which are central to the development of immunologic memory and tolerance in mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structure and function of the spleen.
Reina E. Mebius,Georg Kraal +1 more
TL;DR: The spleen enables it to remove older erythrocytes from the circulation and leads to the efficient removal of blood-borne microorganisms and cellular debris, which makes it the most important organ for antibacterial and antifungal immune reactivity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Blood monocytes: development, heterogeneity, and relationship with dendritic cells.
TL;DR: Functional characterization of monocytes is in progress in humans and rodents and will provide a better understanding of the pathophysiology of inflammation.
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Coronavirus infections and immune responses.
Geng Li,Geng Li,Yaohuao Fan,Yanni Lai,Tiantian Han,Zonghui Li,Peiwen Zhou,Pan Pan,Wenbiao Wang,Dingwen Hu,Xiaohong Liu,Qiwei Zhang,Qiwei Zhang,Jianguo Wu,Jianguo Wu +14 more
TL;DR: An update on CoV infections and relevant diseases, particularly the host defense against CoV‐induced inflammation of lung tissue, as well as the role of the innate immune system in the pathogenesis and clinical treatment is provided.
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TLR9 signals after translocating from the ER to CpG DNA in the lysosome
Eicke Latz,Annett Schoenemeyer,Alberto Visintin,Katherine A. Fitzgerald,Brian G. Monks,Catherine F. Knetter,Catherine F. Knetter,Egil Lien,Nadra J. Nilsen,Terje Espevik,Douglas T. Golenbock +10 more
TL;DR: The data indicate a previously unknown mechanism of cellular activation involving the recruitment of TLR9 from the ER to sites of CpG DNA uptake, where signal transduction is initiated.
References
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Innate Immune Recognition
TL;DR: Microbial recognition by Toll-like receptors helps to direct adaptive immune responses to antigens derived from microbial pathogens to distinguish infectious nonself from noninfectious self.
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A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA.
Hiroaki Hemmi,Osamu Takeuchi,Taro Kawai,Tsuneyasu Kaisho,Shintaro Sato,Hideki Sanjo,Makoto Matsumoto,Katsuaki Hoshino,Hermann Wagner,Kiyoshi Takeda,Shizuo Akira +10 more
TL;DR: It is shown that cellular response to CpG DNA is mediated by a Toll-like receptor, TLR9, and vertebrate immune systems appear to have evolved a specific Toll- like receptor that distinguishes bacterial DNA from self-DNA.
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Recognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-kappaB by Toll-like receptor 3.
TL;DR: It is shown that mammalian TLR3 recognizes dsRNA, and that activation of the receptor induces the activation of NF-κB and the production of type I interferons (IFNs).
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A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity
TL;DR: The cloning and characterization of a human homologue of the Drosophila toll protein (Toll) is reported, which has been shown to induce the innate immune response in adult Dosophila.
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Association of NOD2 leucine-rich repeat variants with susceptibility to Crohn's disease
Jean-Pierre Hugot,Mathias Chamaillard,Mathias Chamaillard,Habib Zouali,Suzanne Lesage,Jean-Pierre Cézard,Jacques Belaiche,Sven Almer,Curt Tysk,Colm O'Morain,Miquel A. Gassull,Vibeke Binder,Yigael Finkel,Antoine Cortot,Robert Modigliani,Pierre Laurent-Puig,C. Gower-Rousseau,J. Macry,Jean-Frederic Colombel,Mourad Sahbatou,Gilles Thomas,Gilles Thomas +21 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that the NOD2 gene product confers susceptibility to Crohn's disease by altering the recognition of these components and/or by over-activating NF-kB in monocytes, thus documenting a molecular model for the pathogenic mechanism of Crohn’s disease that can now be further investigated.