Journal ArticleDOI
Phylogenetic Perspectives in Innate Immunity
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TLDR
In addition to its role in the early phase of defense, innate immunity in mammals appears to play a key role in stimulating the subsequent, clonal response of adaptive immunity.Abstract:
The concept of innate immunity refers to the first-line host defense that serves to limit infection in the early hours after exposure to microorganisms. Recent data have highlighted similarities between pathogen recognition, signaling pathways, and effector mechanisms of innate immunity in Drosophila and mammals, pointing to a common ancestry of these defenses. In addition to its role in the early phase of defense, innate immunity in mammals appears to play a key role in stimulating the subsequent, clonal response of adaptive immunity.read more
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The genetics of innate immunity.
TL;DR: It is shown that common, cosegregating missense mutations (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) in the extracellular domain of the TLR4 receptor are associated with a significantly blunted response to inhaled LPS in 83 humans.
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Three novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms of MBL1 gene in Chinese native cattle and their associations with milk performance traits.
Chang-Fa Wang,Mei Liu,Qiuling Li,Zhihua Ju,Jingmin Huang,Jian-Bin Li,Hongmei Wang,Ji-Feng Zhong +7 more
TL;DR: GGC/AAC, AAT/AAT and AGC/AGC can be used as possible candidates for marker-assisted selection in the dairy cattle breeding program and a possible role of this SNP in the host response against mastitis is suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acetylcholine Protects against Candida albicans Infection by Inhibiting Biofilm Formation and Promoting Hemocyte Function in a Galleria mellonella Infection Model
Ranjith Rajendran,Elisa Borghi,Monica Falleni,Federica Perdoni,Delfina Tosi,David F. Lappin,Lindsay E. O'Donnell,Darren Greetham,Gordon Ramage,Christopher J. Nile +9 more
TL;DR: This is the first demonstration of a role for acetylcholine in protection against fungal infections, in addition to being the first report that this molecule can inhibit C. albicans biofilm formation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Responses of alternative complement expression to challenge with different combinations of Vibrio anguillarum, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus: evidence for specific immune priming in amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri.
TL;DR: It is shown that re-exposure to the same species of bacteria or the different species of the same (Gram-negative or Gram-positive) class of bacteria results in a significant increase in the expression of Bf, C3 and C6, and an earlier occurrence of gene expression peak compared with the first exposure in amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cloning and characterization of an invertebrate type lysozyme from Venerupis philippinarum.
TL;DR: Results indicated that VpLYZ was involved in the immune response against microbe infection and contributed to the clearance of bacterial pathogens.
References
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Defective LPS Signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr Mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene
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TL;DR: The mammalian Tlr4 protein has been adapted primarily to subserve the recognition of LPS and presumably transduces the LPS signal across the plasma membrane.
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Defective LPS signaling in C3 H/HeJ and C57 BL/10 ScCr mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene
Alexander Poltorak,Xiaolong He,Irina Smirnova,Mu Ya Liu,C. Van Huffel,Xin Du,Dale Birdwell,E. Alejos,M. Suva,Chris Galanos,Marina Freudenberg,Paola Ricciardi-Castagnoli,B. Layton,Bruce Beutler +13 more
Journal ArticleDOI
CD14, a receptor for complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS binding protein.
TL;DR: CD14, a differentiation antigen of monocytes, was found to bind complexes of LPS and LBP, and blockade of CD14 with monoclonal antibodies prevented synthesis of TNF-alpha by whole blood incubated with LPS.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Dorsoventral Regulatory Gene Cassette spätzle/Toll/cactus Controls the Potent Antifungal Response in Drosophila Adults
TL;DR: It is shown that mutations in the Toll signaling pathway dramatically reduce survival after fungal infection and the intracellular components of the dorsoventral signaling pathway and the extracellular Toll ligand, spätzle, control expression of the antifungal peptide gene drosomycin in adults.