Journal ArticleDOI
Phylogenetic Perspectives in Innate Immunity
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TLDR
In addition to its role in the early phase of defense, innate immunity in mammals appears to play a key role in stimulating the subsequent, clonal response of adaptive immunity.Abstract:
The concept of innate immunity refers to the first-line host defense that serves to limit infection in the early hours after exposure to microorganisms. Recent data have highlighted similarities between pathogen recognition, signaling pathways, and effector mechanisms of innate immunity in Drosophila and mammals, pointing to a common ancestry of these defenses. In addition to its role in the early phase of defense, innate immunity in mammals appears to play a key role in stimulating the subsequent, clonal response of adaptive immunity.read more
Citations
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Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in Penaeus vannamei hemocytes upon Taura syndrome virus infection
Phattara-orn Chongsatja,Apichai Bourchookarn,Chu Fang Lo,Visith Thongboonkerd,Chartchai Krittanai +4 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesize that C‐ and N‐terminal hemocyanin fragments may have differential roles in hemocytes, and further investigation of these data may lead to better understanding of the molecular responses of crustacean hemocytes to TSV infection.
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Identification of Specific and Universal Virulence Factors in Burkholderia cenocepacia Strains by Using Multiple Infection Hosts
Susanne Uehlinger,Stephan Schwager,Steve P. Bernier,Kathrin Riedel,David T. Nguyen,Pamela A. Sokol,Leo Eberl +6 more
TL;DR: This study analyzes the roles of various virulence factors of two closely related Burkholderia cenocepacia strains in a multihost pathogenesis system using four different model organisms, namely, Caenorhabditis elegans, Galleria mellonella, the alfalfa plant, and mice or rats.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bench-to-bedside review: Toll-like receptors and their role in septic shock.
TL;DR: The fundamental significance of the TLRs in the generation of systemic inflammation and the pathogenesis of septic shock is reviewed and the potential clinical implications of therapeutic modulation of these recently characterized receptors of innate immunity are discussed.
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Immunorelevant gene expression in LPS-challenged bovine mammary epithelial cells
TL;DR: This cell culture model system provides evidence for an important role of the mammary epithelial cell in initiating the innate response to infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intestinal Microflora and Diversification of the Rabbit Antibody Repertoire
TL;DR: It is concluded that specific, currently unidentified intestinal microflora are required for Ab repertoire diversification in rabbits in which the appendix was ligated shortly after birth to prevent microbial colonization and all other organized GALT was surgically removed.
References
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TL;DR: Improvements in understanding of the genetic and molecular basis of bacterial community behavior point to therapeutic targets that may provide a means for the control of biofilm infections.
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Defective LPS Signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr Mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene
Alexander Poltorak,Xiaolong He,Irina Smirnova,Mu Ya Liu,Christophe Van Huffel,Xin Du,Dale Birdwell,E. Alejos,M. Silva,Chris Galanos,Marina Freudenberg,Paola Ricciardi-Castagnoli,Betsy Layton,Bruce Beutler +13 more
TL;DR: The mammalian Tlr4 protein has been adapted primarily to subserve the recognition of LPS and presumably transduces the LPS signal across the plasma membrane.
Journal Article
Defective LPS signaling in C3 H/HeJ and C57 BL/10 ScCr mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene
Alexander Poltorak,Xiaolong He,Irina Smirnova,Mu Ya Liu,C. Van Huffel,Xin Du,Dale Birdwell,E. Alejos,M. Suva,Chris Galanos,Marina Freudenberg,Paola Ricciardi-Castagnoli,B. Layton,Bruce Beutler +13 more
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CD14, a receptor for complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS binding protein.
TL;DR: CD14, a differentiation antigen of monocytes, was found to bind complexes of LPS and LBP, and blockade of CD14 with monoclonal antibodies prevented synthesis of TNF-alpha by whole blood incubated with LPS.
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The Dorsoventral Regulatory Gene Cassette spätzle/Toll/cactus Controls the Potent Antifungal Response in Drosophila Adults
TL;DR: It is shown that mutations in the Toll signaling pathway dramatically reduce survival after fungal infection and the intracellular components of the dorsoventral signaling pathway and the extracellular Toll ligand, spätzle, control expression of the antifungal peptide gene drosomycin in adults.