Predicting the functional, molecular, and phenotypic consequences of amino acid substitutions using hidden Markov models.
Hashem A. Shihab,Julian Gough,David Neil Cooper,Peter D. Stenson,Gary L A Barker,Keith J. Edwards,Ian N. M. Day,Tom R. Gaunt +7 more
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TLDR
The Functional Analysis Through Hidden Markov Models (FATHMM) software and server is described: a species‐independent method with optional species‐specific weightings for the prediction of the functional effects of protein missense variants, demonstrating that FATHMM can be efficiently applied to high‐throughput/large‐scale human and nonhuman genome sequencing projects with the added benefit of phenotypic outcome associations.Abstract:
The rate at which nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) are being identified in the human genome is increasing dramatically owing to advances in whole-genome/whole-exome sequencing technologies. Automated methods capable of accurately and reliably distinguishing between pathogenic and functionally neutral nsSNPs are therefore assuming ever-increasing importance. Here, we describe the Functional Analysis Through Hidden Markov Models (FATHMM) software and server: a species-independent method with optional species-specific weightings for the prediction of the functional effects of protein missense variants. Using a model weighted for human mutations, we obtained performance accuracies that outperformed traditional prediction methods (i.e., SIFT, PolyPhen, and PANTHER) on two separate benchmarks. Furthermore, in one benchmark, we achieve performance accuracies that outperform current state-of-the-art prediction methods (i.e., SNPs&GO and MutPred). We demonstrate that FATHMM can be efficiently applied to high-throughput/large-scale human and nonhuman genome sequencing projects with the added benefit of phenotypic outcome associations. To illustrate this, we evaluated nsSNPs in wheat (Triticum spp.) to identify some of the important genetic variants responsible for the phenotypic differences introduced by intense selection during domestication. A Web-based implementation of FATHMM, including a high-throughput batch facility and a downloadable standalone package, is available at http://fathmm.biocompute.org.uk.read more
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Dissertation
Genetic analysis of inherited retinal diseases in indigenous Southern African populations
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A putative human infertility allele of the meiotic recombinase DMC1 does not affect fertility in mice
Tina N. Tran,John C. Schimenti +1 more
TL;DR: This study serves as a cautionary tale for making conclusions about consequences of genetic variants, especially with respect to infertility, and emphasizes the importance of conducting relevant biological assays for making accurate diagnoses in the era of genomic medicine.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessing the role of serum prolactin levels and coding region somatic mutations of the prolactin gene in Saudi uterine leiomyoma patients
Hanan Abdelhalim ElSokary,Layla S. Abdullah,Amani Ujaimi,Nora Sahly,Nisma M. Al Mansouri,Babajan Banaganapalli,Noor Ahmad Shaik,Ramu Elango,Nabeel S. Bondagji +8 more
TL;DR: This study is the first one to confirm that serum PRL level elevation among UL patients is not connected to somatic mutations in the PRL gene, however, PRL genetic polymorphisms may indirectly contribute to the disease etiology.
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Mind the gap: preventing circularity in missense variant prediction
TL;DR: This work presents a generic strategy that is independent of dataset properties and algorithms used, to deal with circularity in the training phase, which results in more robust predictors and evaluation scores that accurately reflect the real-world performance of predictive models.
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Survival of the cheapest: How proteome cost minimization drives evolution
TL;DR: It is argued that proteome cost minimization is the dominant, underlying ‘non-function’ selection pressure controlling most of the evolution of already functionally adapted living systems, and to have consequences for understanding evolutionary trade-offs, aging, cancer, and neurodegenerative protein-misfolding diseases.
References
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Basic Local Alignment Search Tool
TL;DR: A new approach to rapid sequence comparison, basic local alignment search tool (BLAST), directly approximates alignments that optimize a measure of local similarity, the maximal segment pair (MSP) score.
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TL;DR: The goal of the Gene Ontology Consortium is to produce a dynamic, controlled vocabulary that can be applied to all eukaryotes even as knowledge of gene and protein roles in cells is accumulating and changing.
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The Pfam protein families database
Marco Punta,Penny Coggill,Ruth Y. Eberhardt,Jaina Mistry,John Tate,Chris Boursnell,Ningze Pang,Kristoffer Forslund,Goran Ceric,Jody Clements,Andreas Heger,Liisa Holm,Erik L. L. Sonnhammer,Sean R. Eddy,Alex Bateman,Robert D. Finn +15 more
TL;DR: The definition and use of family-specific, manually curated gathering thresholds are explained and some of the features of domains of unknown function (also known as DUFs) are discussed, which constitute a rapidly growing class of families within Pfam.