A general framework for estimating the relative pathogenicity of human genetic variants
Martin Kircher,Daniela Witten,Preti Jain,Brian J. O'Roak,Brian J. O'Roak,Gregory M. Cooper,Jay Shendure +6 more
TLDR
The ability of CADD to prioritize functional, deleterious and pathogenic variants across many functional categories, effect sizes and genetic architectures is unmatched by any current single-annotation method.Abstract:
Our capacity to sequence human genomes has exceeded our ability to interpret genetic variation. Current genomic annotations tend to exploit a single information type (e.g. conservation) and/or are restricted in scope (e.g. to missense changes). Here, we describe Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion (CADD), a framework that objectively integrates many diverse annotations into a single, quantitative score. We implement CADD as a support vector machine trained to differentiate 14.7 million high-frequency human derived alleles from 14.7 million simulated variants. We pre-compute “C-scores” for all 8.6 billion possible human single nucleotide variants and enable scoring of short insertions/deletions. C-scores correlate with allelic diversity, annotations of functionality, pathogenicity, disease severity, experimentally measured regulatory effects, and complex trait associations, and highly rank known pathogenic variants within individual genomes. The ability of CADD to prioritize functional, deleterious, and pathogenic variants across many functional categories, effect sizes and genetic architectures is unmatched by any current annotation.read more
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Standards and guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants: a joint consensus recommendation of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology.
Sue Richards,Nazneen Aziz,Nazneen Aziz,Sherri J. Bale,David P. Bick,Soma Das,Julie M. Gastier-Foster,Wayne W. Grody,Madhuri Hegde,Elaine Lyon,Elaine B. Spector,Karl V. Voelkerding,Heidi L. Rehm +12 more
TL;DR: Because of the increased complexity of analysis and interpretation of clinical genetic testing described in this report, the ACMG strongly recommends thatclinical molecular genetic testing should be performed in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments–approved laboratory, with results interpreted by a board-certified clinical molecular geneticist or molecular genetic pathologist or the equivalent.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor.
William M. McLaren,Laurent Gil,Sarah E. Hunt,Harpreet Singh Riat,Graham R. S. Ritchie,Anja Thormann,Paul Flicek,Fiona Cunningham +7 more
TL;DR: The Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor can simplify and accelerate variant interpretation in a wide range of study designs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Predicting the sequence specificities of DNA- and RNA-binding proteins by deep learning
TL;DR: This work shows that sequence specificities can be ascertained from experimental data with 'deep learning' techniques, which offer a scalable, flexible and unified computational approach for pattern discovery.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional mapping and annotation of genetic associations with FUMA
Kyoko Watanabe,Erdogan Taskesen,Erdogan Taskesen,Arjen van Bochoven,Danielle Posthuma,Danielle Posthuma +5 more
TL;DR: FUMA is a web-based bioinformatics tool that uses a combination of positional, eQTL and chromatin interaction mapping to prioritize likely causal variants and genes and directly aid in generating hypotheses that are testable in functional experiments aimed at proving causal relations.
Journal ArticleDOI
CADD: predicting the deleteriousness of variants throughout the human genome.
Philipp Rentzsch,Daniela Witten,Gregory M. Cooper,Jay Shendure,Martin Kircher,Martin Kircher +5 more
TL;DR: The latest updates to CADD are reviewed, including the most recent version, 1.4, which supports the human genome build GRCh38, and also present updates to the website that include simplified variant lookup, extended documentation, an Application Program Interface and improved mechanisms for integrating CADD scores into other tools or applications.
References
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An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome.
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