Prospects for Measuring Neutron-star Masses and Radii with X-Ray Pulse Profile Modeling
TLDR
In this paper, the authors determined the number of distinct observables that can be derived from pulse profile modeling and showed that using only bolometric pulse profiles is insufficient for breaking the degeneracy between inferred neutron-star radius and mass.Abstract:
Modeling the amplitudes and shapes of the X-ray pulsations observed from hot, rotating neutron stars provides a direct method for measuring neutron-star properties. This technique constitutes an important part of the science case for the forthcoming NICER and proposed LOFT X-ray missions. In this paper, we determine the number of distinct observables that can be derived from pulse profile modeling and show that using only bolometric pulse profiles is insufficient for breaking the degeneracy between inferred neutron-star radius and mass. However, we also show that for moderately spinning (300-800 Hz) neutron stars, analysis of pulse profiles in two different energy bands provides additional constraints that allow a unique determination of the neutron-star properties. Using the fractional amplitudes of the fundamental and the second harmonic of the pulse profile in addition to the amplitude and phase difference of the spectral color oscillations, we quantify the signal-to-noise ratio necessary to achieve a specified measurement precision for neutron star radius. We find that accumulating 106 counts in a pulse profile is sufficient to achieve a 5% uncertainty in the neutron star radius, which is the level of accuracy required to determine the equation of state of neutron-star matter. Finally, we formally derive the background limits that can be tolerated in the measurements of the various pulsation amplitudes as a function of the system parameters.read more
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Masses, Radii, and the Equation of State of Neutron Stars
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Journal ArticleDOI
Testing general relativity with present and future astrophysical observations
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TL;DR: In this article, a catalog of modified theories of gravity for which strong-field predictions have been computed and contrasted to Einstein's theory is presented, and the current understanding of the structure and dynamics of compact objects in these theories is summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Masses, Radii, and Equation of State of Neutron Stars
Feryal Özel,Paulo C. C. Freire +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize the current knowledge of neutron star masses and radii and show that the neutron star mass distribution is much wider than previously thought, with 3 known pulsars now firmly in the 1.9-2.0 Msun mass range.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exploring the Sensitivity of Next Generation Gravitational Wave Detectors
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Maros,I. W. Martin,Denis Martynov,K. Mason,T. J. Massinger,M. Masso-Reid,Fabrice Matichard,L. Matone,Nergis Mavalvala,N. Mazumder,Robert J. McCarthy,David E. McClelland,S. McCormick,S. C. McGuire,G. McIntyre,J. McIver,D. J. McManus,Terry G. McRae,Sean T. McWilliams,Duncan Meacher,G. D. Meadors,Andrew Melatos,G. Mendell,R. A. Mercer,E. L. Merilh,S. Meshkov,C. Messenger,Cody Messick,P. M. Meyers,Haixing Miao,H. Middleton,Eugeniy E. Mikhailov,A. L. Miller,Adam A. Miller,B. B. Miller,Jon M. Miller,Margaret Millhouse,J. Ming,S. Mirshekari,Chandra Kant Mishra,Subhabrata Mitra,V. P. Mitrofanov,Guenakh Mitselmakher,R. Mittleman,Satya Mohapatra,Blake Moore,Christopher J. Moore,D. Moraru,G. Moreno,S. R. Morriss,Kasem Mossavi,C. M. Mow-Lowry,Guido Mueller,A. W. Muir,Arunava Mukherjee,Debnandini Mukherjee,Soma Mukherjee,N. Mukund,A. Mullavey,Jesper Munch,David Murphy,P. G. Murray,A. Mytidis,R. K. Nayak,K. Nedkova,T. J. N. Nelson,A. Neunzert,G. P. Newton,T. T. Nguyen,Alex B. Nielsen,Alexander H. 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Weaver,M. Weinert,A. J. Weinstein,Rainer Weiss,Linqing Wen,Peter Weßels,T. Westphal,K. Wette,James Whelan,Bernard F. Whiting,Roy Williams,A. R. Williamson,J. L. Willis,Benno Willke,M. H. Wimmer,Walter Winkler,C. C. Wipf,H. Wittel,Graham Woan,J. Woehler,John Worden,J. L. Wright,D. S. Wu,G. Wu,Joshua Yablon,William Yam,H. Yamamoto,C. C. Yancey,Haocun Yu,Michele Zanolin,M. Zevin,L. Zhang,Mi Zhang,Yanxi Zhang,Chunnong Zhao,Minchuan Zhou,Zifan Zhou,Xing-Jiang Zhu,M. E. Zucker,S. E. Zuraw,J. Zweizig,Jan Harms +722 more
Abstract: The second-generation of gravitational-wave detectors are just starting operation, and have already yielding their first detections. Research is now concentrated on how to maximize the scientific potential of gravitational-wave astronomy. To support this effort, we present here design targets for a new generation of detectors, which will be capable of observing compact binary sources with high signal-to-noise ratio throughout the Universe.
Journal ArticleDOI
A NICER View of PSR J0030+0451: Millisecond Pulsar Parameter Estimation
Thomas E. Riley,Anna L. Watts,Slavko Bogdanov,Paul S. Ray,Renee M. Ludlam,Sebastien Guillot,Sebastien Guillot,Zaven Arzoumanian,Charles Baker,Anna V. Bilous,Deepto Chakrabarty,Keith C. Gendreau,Alice K. Harding,Wynn C. G. Ho,Wynn C. G. Ho,James M. Lattimer,Sharon M. Morsink,Tod E. Strohmayer +17 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the mass and equatorial radius of the millisecond pulsar PSR J0030+0451 were estimated based on a relativistic ray-tracing of thermal emission from hot regions of the pulsar surface.
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