Ready for malaria elimination: zero indigenous case reported in the People’s Republic of China
Jun Feng,Li Zhang,Fang Huang,Jian-hai Yin,Hong Tu,Zhi-Gui Xia,Shui-Sen Zhou,Ning Xiao,Xiao-Nong Zhou +8 more
TLDR
Malaria elimination in China is a country-led and country-owned endeavour supported by two systems, namely a case-based surveillance and response system and reference laboratory system, which can probably help improving malaria surveillance systems in China, but also in other elimination countries.Abstract:
Malaria was once one of the most serious public health problems in China. However, the disease burden has sharply declined and epidemic areas have shrunk after the implementation of an integrated malaria control and elimination strategy, especially since 2000. In this review, the lessons were distilled from the Chinese national malaria elimination programme and further efforts to mitigate the challenges of malaria resurgence are being discussed. A retrospective evaluation was performed to assess the changes in malaria epidemic patterns from 1950 to 2017 at national level. The malaria data before 2004 were collected from paper-based annual reports. After 2004, each of the different cases from the Infectious Diseases Information Reporting Management System (IDIRMS) was closely examined and scrutinized. An additional documenting system, the National Information Management System for Malaria, established in 2012 to document the interventions of three parasitic diseases, was also examined to complete the missing data from IDIRMS. From 1950 to 2017, the occurrence of indigenous malaria has been steeply reduced, and malaria-epidemic regions have substantially shrunk, especially after the launch of the national malaria elimination programme. There were approximately 30 million malaria cases annually before 1949 with a mortality rate of 1%. A total of 5999 indigenous cases were documented from 2010 to 2016, with a drastic reduction of 99% over the 6 years (2010, n = 4262; 2016, n = 3). There were indigenous cases reported in 303 counties from 18 provinces in 2010, but only 3 indigenous cases were reported in 2 provinces nationwide in 2016. While in 2017, for the first time, zero indigenous case was reported in China, and only 7 of imported cases were in individuals who died of Plasmodium falciparum infection. Malaria elimination in China is a country-led and country-owned endeavour. The country-own efforts were a clear national elimination strategy, supported by two systems, namely a case-based surveillance and response system and reference laboratory system. The country-led efforts were regional and inter-sectoral collaboration as well as sustained monitoring and evaluation. However, there are still some challenges, such as the maintenance of non-transmission status, the implementation of a qualified verification and assessment system, and the management of imported cases in border areas, through regional cooperation. The findings from this review can probably help improving malaria surveillance systems in China, but also in other elimination countries.read more
Citations
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Malaria eradication within a generation: ambitious, achievable, and necessary
Richard G A Feachem,Ingrid Chen,Omar S. Akbari,Amelia Bertozzi-Villa,Samir Bhatt,Fred Binka,Maciej F. Boni,Caroline O. Buckee,Joseph L Dieleman,Arjen M. Dondorp,Alex Eapen,Neelam Sekhri Feachem,Scott G. Filler,Peter W. Gething,Roly Gosling,Annie Haakenstad,Kelly Harvard,Arian Hatefi,Dean T. Jamison,Kate E. Jones,Corine Karema,Richard Nchabi Kamwi,Altaf A. Lal,Erika Larson,Margaret Lees,Neil F. Lobo,Angela E Micah,Bruno Moonen,Gretchen Newby,Xiao Ning,Muhammad Pate,Martha L Quiñones,Michelle E. Roh,Ben Rolfe,Dennis Shanks,Balbir Singh,Kenneth Staley,James Tulloch,Jennifer Wegbreit,Hyun Ju Woo,Winnie Mpanju-Shumbusho +40 more
TL;DR: Authors: Richard G. A. Feachem, Ingrid Chen*, Omar Akbari‡, Amelia Bertozzi-Villa, Samir Bhatt, Fred Binka, Maciej Boni, Caroline Buckee, Joseph Dieleman, Arjen Dondorp, Neelam Sekhri FeAChem, Scott Filler, Peter Gething, Roly Gosling, Annie Haakenstad.
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Application of community-based and integrated strategy to reduce malaria disease burden in southern Tanzania: the study protocol of China-UK-Tanzania pilot project on malaria control.
Duoquan Wang,Prosper P Chaki,Yeromin P. Mlacha,Tegemeo Gavana,Mihayo G. Michael,Rashid Khatibu,Jun Feng,Zheng-Bin Zhou,Kangming Lin,Shang Xia,He Yan,Deus S. Ishengoma,Susan F. Rumisha,Sigbert Mkude,Renata Mandike,Frank Chacky,Charles Dismasi,Salim Abdulla,Honorati Masanja,Ning Xiao,Xiao-Nong Zhou +20 more
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