Reduction in Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Prevalence Among Young Women Following HPV Vaccine Introduction in the United States, National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2003–2010
Lauri E. Markowitz,Susan Hariri,Carol Y. Lin,Eileen F. Dunne,Martin Steinau,Geraldine M. McQuillan,Elizabeth R. Unger +6 more
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TLDR
Within 4 years of vaccine introduction, the vaccine-type HPV prevalence decreased among females aged 14-19 years despite low vaccine uptake, and the estimated vaccine effectiveness was high.Abstract:
Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination was introduced into the routine immunization schedule in the United States in late 2006 for females aged 11 or 12 years with catch-up vaccination recommended for those aged 13-26 years. In 2010 3-dose vaccine coverage was only 32% among 13-17 year-olds. Reduction in the prevalence of HPV types targeted by the quadrivalent vaccine (HPV-6 -11 -16 and -18) will be one of the first measures of vaccine impact. Methods. We analyzed HPV prevalence data from the vaccine era (2007-2010) and the prevaccine era (2003-2006) that were collected during National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. HPV prevalence was determined by the Linear Array HPV Assay in cervicovaginal swab samples from females aged 14-59 years; 4150 provided samples in 2003-2006 and 4253 provided samples in 2007-2010. Results. Among females aged 14-19 years the vaccine-type HPV prevalence (HPV-6 -11 -16 or -18) decreased from 11.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.2-14.4) in 2003-2006 to 5.1% (95% CI 3.8-6.6) in 2007-2010 a decline of 56% (95% CI 38-69). Among other age groups the prevalence did not differ significantly between the 2 time periods (P > .05). The vaccine effectiveness of at least 1 dose was 82% (95% CI 53-93). Conclusions. Within 4 years of vaccine introduction the vaccine-type HPV prevalence decreased among females aged 14-19 years despite low vaccine uptake. The estimated vaccine effectiveness was high.read more
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Developing role of HPV in cervical cancer prevention
TL;DR: The evidence base for evolving from exfoliative cytology alone to a dual approach of HPV vaccination and HPV based cervical screening is reviewed.
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TL;DR: HPV vaccination programs targeting Hispanics are needed and should consider how potential barriers to vaccination may differ by preferred language, as well as several factors, including provider recommendation and health insurance.
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Declines in Vaccine-Type Human Papillomavirus Prevalence in Females Across Racial/Ethnic Groups: Data From a National Survey
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Prevalence of HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and viral hepatitis by Urbanicity, among men who have sex with men, injection drug users, and heterosexuals in the United States
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TL;DR: In young women who had not been previously infected with HPV-16 or HPV-18, those in the vaccine group had a significantly lower occurrence of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia related to HPV- 16 or HPV -18 than did those inThe placebo group.
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficacy of human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine against cervical infection and precancer caused by oncogenic HPV types (PATRICIA): final analysis of a double-blind, randomised study in young women.
Jorma Paavonen,Paulo Naud,Jorge Salmerón,Cosette M. Wheeler,Song-Nan Chow,D Apter,Henry C Kitchener,Xavier Castellsagué,Julio Cesar Teixeira,S R Skinner,James Hedrick,Unnop Jaisamrarn,Genara Limson,Suzanne M. Garland,Anne Szarewski,Barbara Romanowski,Fred Y. Aoki,Tino F. Schwarz,Willy Poppe,Franz X. Bosch,David Jenkins,Karin Hardt,Toufik Zahaf,Dominique Descamps,Frank Struyf,Matti Lehtinen,Gary Dubin +26 more
TL;DR: The HPV- 16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine showed high efficacy against CIN2+ associated with HPV-16/18 and non-vaccine oncogenic HPV types and substantial overall effect in cohorts that are relevant to universal mass vaccination and catch-up programmes.
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