Replacing monocultures with mixed-species stands: Ecosystem service implications of two production forest alternatives in Sweden
Adam Felton,Urban Nilsson,Johan Sonesson,Annika M. Felton,Jean-Michel Roberge,Thomas Ranius,Martin Ahlström,Johan Bergh,Christer Björkman,Johanna Boberg,Lars Drössler,Nils Fahlvik,Peichen Gong,Emma Holmström,E. Carina H. Keskitalo,Maartje J. Klapwijk,Hjalmar Laudon,Tomas Lundmark,Mats Niklasson,Annika Nordin,Maria Pettersson,Jan Stenlid,Anna Sténs,Kristina Wallertz +23 more
TLDR
Positive outcomes from mixtures are identified including increased biodiversity, water quality, esthetic and recreational values, as well as reduced stand vulnerability to pest and pathogen damage.Abstract:
Whereas there is evidence that mixed-species approaches to production forestry in general can provide positive outcomes relative to monocultures, it is less clear to what extent multiple benefits can be derived from specific mixed-species alternatives. To provide such insights requires evaluations of an encompassing suite of ecosystem services, biodiversity, and forest management considerations provided by specific mixtures and monocultures within a region. Here, we conduct such an assessment in Sweden by contrasting even-aged Norway spruce (Picea abies)-dominated stands, with mixed-species stands of spruce and birch (Betula pendula or B. pubescens), or spruce and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). By synthesizing the available evidence, we identify positive outcomes from mixtures including increased biodiversity, water quality, esthetic and recreational values, as well as reduced stand vulnerability to pest and pathogen damage. However, some uncertainties and risks were projected to increase, highlighting the importance of conducting comprehensive interdisciplinary evaluations when assessing the pros and cons of mixtures.read more
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Tree Diversity Drives Forest Stand Resistance to Natural Disturbances
Hervé Jactel,Jürgen Bauhus,Johanna Boberg,Damien Bonal,Bastien Castagneyrol,Barry Gardiner,José Ramón González-Olabarria,Julia Koricheva,Nicolas Meurisse,Eckehard G. Brockerhoff +9 more
TL;DR: Overall, the findings suggest that mixed forests are more resistant to natural disturbances that are relatively small-scale and selective in their effect, however, benefits provided by mixtures are less evident for larger-scale disturbances.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mixed-species versus monocultures in plantation forestry: Development, benefits, ecosystem services and perspectives for the future
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of advantages, disadvantages and effects of mixed-species plantations on the surrounding natural ecosystems between these two types of plantations was made, and the authors investigated combinations of species with complementary traits for efficient use of limiting resources associated with improvement in growth development and production of tree species.
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A proposed framework for assessing ecosystem goods and services from planted forests
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed an easy-to-apply framework to assess ecosystem services from planted forests that could be used in various planted forest types around the world A necessary next step for researchers and practitioners is to test the proposed framework under various settings
Journal ArticleDOI
How climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies can threaten or enhance the biodiversity of production forests: Insights from Sweden
Annika M. Felton,Lena Gustafsson,Jean-Michel Roberge,Thomas Ranius,Joakim Hjältén,Jörgen Rudolphi,Matts Lindbladh,Jan Weslien,Lucy Rist,Jörg Brunet,Adam Felton +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluate the biodiversity implications of climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies (CCAMS) being implemented in the production forests of Sweden and find that CCAMS will often come into direct or partial conflict with Swedish biodiversity goals in production forests.
Journal ArticleDOI
Knowledge gaps about mixed forests: What do European forest managers want to know and what answers can science provide?
Lluís Coll,Lluís Coll,Aitor Ameztegui,Catherine Collet,Magnus Löf,Bill Mason,Maciej Pach,Kris Verheyen,Ioan Vasile Abrudan,Anna Barbati,Susana Barreiro,Kamil Bielak,Andrés Bravo-Oviedo,Andrés Bravo-Oviedo,Barbara Ferrari,Zoran Govedar,Jiri Kulhavy,Dagnija Lazdina,Marek Metslaid,Frits Mohren,Mário Pereira,Sanja Perić,Ervin Rasztovits,Ian Short,Peter Spathelf,Hubert Sterba,Dejan Stojanović,Lauri Valsta,Tzvetan Zlatanov,Quentin Ponette +29 more
TL;DR: This article provided the current state of knowledge and future research directions with regards to 10 questions about mixed-forest functioning and management identified and selected by a range of European forest managers during an extensive participatory process.
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