The Effects of Poverty on Childhood Brain Development: The Mediating Effect of Caregiving and Stressful Life Events
Joan L. Luby,Andy C. Belden,Kelly N. Botteron,Natasha Marrus,Michael P. Harms,Casey M. Babb,Tomoyuki Nishino,Deanna +7 more
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TLDR
The finding that exposure to poverty in early childhood materially impacts brain development at school age further underscores the importance of attention to the well-established deleterious effects of poverty on child development.Abstract:
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This study was conducted at an academic research unit at the Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis. Data from a prospective longitudinal study of emotion development in preschool children who participated in neuroimaging at school age were used to investigate the effects of poverty on brain development. Children were assessed annually for 3 to 6 years prior to the time of a magnetic resonance imaging scan, during which they were evaluated on psychosocial, behavioral, and other developmental dimensions. Preschoolers included in the study were 3 to 6 years of age and were recruited from primary care and day care sites in the St Louis metropolitan area; they were annually assessed behaviorally for 5 to 10 years. Healthy preschoolers and those with clinical symptoms of depression participated in neuroimaging at school age/early adolescence.read more
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Early life adversity decreases pre-adolescent fear expression by accelerating amygdala PV cell development.
TL;DR: A mouse model of resource insecurity, limited bedding is used to provide a model of transiently blunted emotional reactivity in early development, with latent fear-associated memories emerging later in adolescence.
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Encouraging Parenting Behaviors That Promote Early Childhood Development Among Caregivers From Low-Income Urban Communities: A Randomized Static Group Comparison Trial of a Primary Care-Based Parenting Program.
TL;DR: Results appear promising for an accessible, low-intensity program delivered in the primary care setting and an interaction between time and condition emerged that favored SDP on play behaviors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Maternal socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with transcriptional indications of greater immune activation and slower tissue maturation in placental biopsies and newborn cord blood.
Gregory E. Miller,Ann Borders,Amy Crockett,Kharah M. Ross,Sameen Qadir,Lauren Keenan-Devlin,Adam K.K. Leigh,Paula Ham,Jeffrey Ma,Jesusa M.G. Arevalo,Linda M Ernst,Steve W. Cole +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors found that socioeconomic disparities in placental biology are evident at birth, and provide clues about the mechanistic origins of health disparities in women during pregnancy, and suggest the possibility that psychosocial interventions could have mitigating influences.
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Blunted cortisol stress reactivity in low-income children relates to lower memory function.
Laurel Raffington,John J. Prindle,Attila Keresztes,Julia Binder,Christine Heim,Yee Lee Shing +5 more
TL;DR: Hyporeactivity to acute stress may function as a mediator in SES-cognition associations at the lower end of the SES spectrum, but it does not imply environmental- or genetically-mediated causation.
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Family socioeconomic position in early life and onset of depressive symptoms and depression: a prospective cohort study.
TL;DR: There was no evidence that depressive symptoms can be “subtyped” by the age of onset, because the association with low SEP was evident for early- and later-onset symptoms.
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