The pathogenesis of influenza virus infections: the contributions of virus and host factors
TLDR
This work reviews the contributions of both virus and host factors to the pathogenesis of these viral infections and identifies several virulence factors in these virus strains.About:
This article is published in Current Opinion in Immunology.The article was published on 2011-08-01 and is currently open access. It has received 261 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 & H5N1 genetic structure.read more
Citations
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Prediction and prevention of the next pandemic zoonosis
Stephen Morse,Stephen Morse,Jonna A. K. Mazet,Mark E. J. Woolhouse,Colin R. Parrish,Dennis Carroll,William B. Karesh,William B. Karesh,Carlos Zambrana-Torrelio,W. Ian Lipkin,Peter Daszak +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review what is known about the pathogens that emerge, the hosts that they originate in, and the factors that drive their emergence and discuss challenges to their control and new efforts to predict pandemics.
Journal ArticleDOI
IFITM3 restricts the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza
Aaron R. Everitt,Simon Clare,Thomas Pertel,Sinu P. John,Rachael S. Wash,Sarah E. Smith,Christopher R. Chin,Eric M. Feeley,Jennifer S. Sims,David J. Adams,Helen M. Wise,Leanne Kane,David Goulding,Paul Digard,Verneri Anttila,J Kenneth Baillie,Timothy S. Walsh,David A. Hume,Aarno Palotie,Yali Xue,Vincenza Colonna,Vincenza Colonna,Chris Tyler-Smith,Jake Dunning,Stephen B. Gordon,Rosalind L. Smyth,Peter J. M. Openshaw,Gordon Dougan,Abraham L. Brass,Abraham L. Brass,Paul Kellam,Paul Kellam +31 more
TL;DR: Data reveal that the action of a single intrinsic immune effector, IFITM3, profoundly alters the course of influenza virus infection in mouse and humans.
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Host Immune Response to Influenza A Virus Infection.
Xiaoyong Chen,Shasha Liu,Mohsan Ullah Goraya,Mohamed Maarouf,Shile Huang,Ji-Long Chen,Ji-Long Chen +6 more
TL;DR: How immune system, especially innate immune system and critical molecules are involved in the antiviral defense against IAVs is discussed and how IAV's antagonize different immune responses to achieve a successful infection is highlighted.
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Epidemiology and Immune Pathogenesis of Viral Sepsis.
Gu-Lung Lin,Joseph P. McGinley,Joseph P. McGinley,Simon B. Drysdale,Simon B. Drysdale,Simon B. Drysdale,Andrew J. Pollard,Andrew J. Pollard +7 more
TL;DR: It is important to understand non-bacterial causes of sepsis so that inappropriate treatment can be minimised, and appropriate treatments can be developed to improve outcomes.
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A Role for Neutrophils in Viral Respiratory Disease.
TL;DR: Comparisons of the relationship between IAV infection and neutrophils provide insights into the relative contribution of host and viral factors that contribute to disease severity.
References
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Innate antiviral responses by means of TLR7-mediated recognition of single-stranded RNA.
TL;DR: These results identify ssRNA as a ligand for TLR7 and suggest that cells of the innate immune system sense endosomal ssRNA to detect infection by RNA viruses.
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RIG-I-Mediated Antiviral Responses to Single-Stranded RNA Bearing 5' Phosphates
Andreas Pichlmair,Oliver Schulz,Choon Ping Tan,Tanja I. Näslund,Peter Liljeström,Friedemann Weber,Caetano Reis e Sousa +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that influenza A virus infection does not generate dsRNA and that RIG-I is activated by viral genomic single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) bearing 5′-phosphates, and suggested that its ability to sense 5'-phosphorylated RNA evolved in the innate immune system as a means of discriminating between self and nonself.
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IL-10: The Master Regulator of Immunity to Infection
TL;DR: The biology of IL-10, its cellular sources, and its role in viral, bacterial, and protozoal infections are reviewed.
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Predominant Role of Bacterial Pneumonia as a Cause of Death in Pandemic Influenza: Implications for Pandemic Influenza Preparedness
TL;DR: If severe pandemic influenza is largely a problem of viral-bacterial copathogenesis, pandemic planning needs to go beyond addressing the viral cause alone (e.g., influenza vaccines and antiviral drugs).
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Generation of influenza A viruses entirely from cloned cDNAs
Gabriele Neumann,Tokiko Watanabe,Hiroshi Ito,Shinji Watanabe,Hideo Goto,Peng Gao,Mark A. Hughes,Daniel R. Perez,Ruben O. Donis,Erich Hoffmann,Gerd Hobom,Yoshihiro Kawaoka +11 more
TL;DR: A new reverse-genetics system that allows one to efficiently generate influenza A viruses entirely from cloned cDNAs is described, which should be useful in viral mutagenesis studies and in the production of vaccines and gene therapy vectors.