The Tomato Terpene Synthase Gene Family
Vasiliki Falara,Tariq A. Akhtar,Thuong T.H. Nguyen,Eleni A. Spyropoulou,Petra M. Bleeker,Ines Schauvinhold,Yuki Matsuba,Megan E. Bonini,Anthony L. Schilmiller,Robert C. Schuurink,Eran Pichersky +10 more
TLDR
In this paper, it was shown that the tomato genome contains 44 terpene synthase (TPS) genes, including 29 that are functional or potentially functional in at least some organs or tissues of the plant.Abstract:
Compounds of the terpenoid class play numerous roles in the interactions of plants with their environment, such as attracting pollinators and defending the plant against pests. We show here that the genome of cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) contains 44 terpene synthase (TPS) genes, including 29 that are functional or potentially functional. Of these 29 TPS genes, 26 were expressed in at least some organs or tissues of the plant. The enzymatic functions of eight of the TPS proteins were previously reported, and here we report the specific in vitro catalytic activity of 10 additional tomato terpene synthases. Many of the tomato TPS genes are found in clusters, notably on chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 8, and 10. All TPS family clades previously identified in angiosperms are also present in tomato. The largest clade of functional TPS genes found in tomato, with 12 members, is the TPS-a clade, and it appears to encode only sesquiterpene synthases, one of which is localized to the mitochondria, while the rest are likely cytosolic. A few additional sesquiterpene synthases are encoded by TPS-b clade genes. Some of the tomato sesquiterpene synthases use z,z-farnesyl diphosphate in vitro as well, or more efficiently than, the e,e-farnesyl diphosphate substrate. Genes encoding monoterpene synthases are also prevalent, and they fall into three clades: TPS-b, TPS-g, and TPS-e/f. With the exception of two enzymes involved in the synthesis of ent-kaurene, the precursor of gibberellins, no other tomato TPS genes could be demonstrated to encode diterpene synthases so far.read more
Citations
More filters
Book ChapterDOI
Biosynthesis and biological functions of terpenoids in plants
TL;DR: This chapter gives an overview and highlights recent advances in the understanding of the organization, regulation, and diversification of core and specialized terpenoid metabolic pathways, and addresses the most important functions of volatile and nonvolatile terpenoids specialized metabolites in plants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant glandular trichomes as targets for breeding or engineering of resistance to herbivores
Joris J. Glas,Bernardus C. J. Schimmel,Juan M. Alba,Rocío Escobar-Bravo,Robert C. Schuurink,Merijn R. Kant +5 more
TL;DR: An overview of the metabolic diversity found within plant glandular trichomes is provided, with the emphasis on those of the Solanaceae, and of the tools available to manipulate their activities for enhancing the plant’s resistance to pests is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant terpenes: defense responses, phylogenetic analysis, regulation and clinical applications
Bharat Singh,R. A. Sharma +1 more
TL;DR: In this review paper, recent developments in the biosynthesis of terpenoids, indepth description of terpene synthases and their phylogenetic analysis, regulation of ter pene biosynthesis as well as updates of ter penes which have entered in the clinical studies are reviewed thoroughly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant metabolic clusters – from genetics to genomics
TL;DR: This review summarizes progress in the discovery of new plant natural product pathways and indicates that increased knowledge of the features of plant metabolic gene clusters - architecture, regulation and assembly - will be instrumental in expediting natural product discovery.
Journal ArticleDOI
Glandular trichomes: what comes after expressed sequence tags?
TL;DR: Glandular trichomes cover the surface of many plant species and exhibit tremendous diversity, be it in their shape or the compounds they secrete as discussed by the authors, which has spurred research into the biosynthesis pathways that lead to these specialized metabolites.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of gibberellin biosynthesis genes during flower and early fruit development of tomato.
Mariken Rebers,Tsuyoshi Kaneta,Hiroshi Kawaide,Shinjiro Yamaguchi,Young Yell Yang,Ryozo Imai,Hiroyuki Sekimoto,Yuji Kamiya +7 more
TL;DR: In situ hybridization results demonstrated that during early stages of bud development, Le20ox-2 transcripts were localized in the tapetum and placenta, and indicate that transcript levels of GA biosynthesis genes are all highly regulated during flower bud development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cloning and functional expression of an (E,E)-α-farnesene synthase cDNA from peel tissue of apple fruit
TL;DR: This is the first report of an (E,E)-α-farnesene synthase gene (AFS1; GenBank accession number AY182241) from a flowering plant and addition of a C-terminal myc tag appeared to completely prevent production of soluble protein under all of the expression conditions tested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Studies of a Biochemical Factory: Tomato Trichome Deep Expressed Sequence Tag Sequencing and Proteomics
Anthony L. Schilmiller,Dennis P. Miner,Matthew D. Larson,Eric T. McDowell,David R. Gang,Curtis G. Wilkerson +5 more
TL;DR: The utility of combining high-throughput cDNA sequencing with proteomics experiments in a target tissue and the discovery and characterization of a sesquiterpene synthase that produces β-caryophyllene and α-humulene from E,E-farnesyl diphosphate in trichomes of leaf but not of stem is demonstrated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Germacrene C synthase from Lycopersicon esculentum cv. VFNT Cherry tomato: cDNA isolation, characterization, and bacterial expression of the multiple product sesquiterpene cyclase
TL;DR: Germacrene C was found by GC-MS and NMR analysis to be the most abundant sesquiterpene in the leaf oil of Lycopersicon esculentum cv as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isoprenoid biosynthesis in Artemisia annua: cloning and heterologous expression of a germacrene A synthase from a glandular trichome cDNA library.
Cinzia M. Bertea,Alessandra Voster,Alessandra Voster,Francel W.A. Verstappen,Massimo E. Maffei,Jules Beekwilder,Harro J. Bouwmeester +6 more
TL;DR: The potential of the use of A. annua glandular trichome plasmid cDNA library as a starting material for studying isoprenoid biosynthesis in this plant species is demonstrated.