The Tomato Terpene Synthase Gene Family
Vasiliki Falara,Tariq A. Akhtar,Thuong T.H. Nguyen,Eleni A. Spyropoulou,Petra M. Bleeker,Ines Schauvinhold,Yuki Matsuba,Megan E. Bonini,Anthony L. Schilmiller,Robert C. Schuurink,Eran Pichersky +10 more
TLDR
In this paper, it was shown that the tomato genome contains 44 terpene synthase (TPS) genes, including 29 that are functional or potentially functional in at least some organs or tissues of the plant.Abstract:
Compounds of the terpenoid class play numerous roles in the interactions of plants with their environment, such as attracting pollinators and defending the plant against pests. We show here that the genome of cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) contains 44 terpene synthase (TPS) genes, including 29 that are functional or potentially functional. Of these 29 TPS genes, 26 were expressed in at least some organs or tissues of the plant. The enzymatic functions of eight of the TPS proteins were previously reported, and here we report the specific in vitro catalytic activity of 10 additional tomato terpene synthases. Many of the tomato TPS genes are found in clusters, notably on chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 8, and 10. All TPS family clades previously identified in angiosperms are also present in tomato. The largest clade of functional TPS genes found in tomato, with 12 members, is the TPS-a clade, and it appears to encode only sesquiterpene synthases, one of which is localized to the mitochondria, while the rest are likely cytosolic. A few additional sesquiterpene synthases are encoded by TPS-b clade genes. Some of the tomato sesquiterpene synthases use z,z-farnesyl diphosphate in vitro as well, or more efficiently than, the e,e-farnesyl diphosphate substrate. Genes encoding monoterpene synthases are also prevalent, and they fall into three clades: TPS-b, TPS-g, and TPS-e/f. With the exception of two enzymes involved in the synthesis of ent-kaurene, the precursor of gibberellins, no other tomato TPS genes could be demonstrated to encode diterpene synthases so far.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Modularity of Plant Metabolic Gene Clusters: A Trio of Linked Genes That Are Collectively Required for Acylation of Triterpenes in Oat
Sam T. Mugford,Thomas Louveau,Rachel E. Melton,Xiaoquan Qi,Saleha Bakht,Lionel Hill,Tetsu Tsurushima,Suvi Honkanen,Suvi Honkanen,Susan J. Rosser,George P. Lomonossoff,Anne Osbourn +11 more
TL;DR: It is shown that a module of three adjacent genes within the wider biosynthetic gene cluster is required for avenacin acylation, and a model of the subcellular organization of triterpenoid biosynthesis is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional Genomics Reveals That a Compact Terpene Synthase Gene Family Can Account for Terpene Volatile Production in Apple
Niels J. Nieuwenhuizen,Sol Green,Xiuyin Chen,Estelle J.D. Bailleul,Adam J. Matich,Mindy Y. Wang,Ross G. Atkinson +6 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that the apple TPS gene family has been shaped by a combination of ancestral and more recent genome-wide duplication events, and the small number of terpenes found in the fruit of modern cultivars may be related to commercial breeding strategies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal and endophytic fungi enhanced terpene production in tomato plants and their defense against a herbivorous insect
Gitika Shrivastava,Bonnie H. Ownley,Robert M. Augé,Heather D. Toler,M. M. Dee,Andrea L. Vu,Tobias G. Köllner,Feng Chen +7 more
TL;DR: Investigation of the effects of two types of beneficial fungi on the accumulation of terpenoids in tomato plants and on defense against herbivorous insects suggests that fungus-inoculated tomato plants had a stronger defense response against beet armyworm than control plants, which may be partly attributed to the difference in the levels of ter penoids.
Journal ArticleDOI
Unearthing a sesterterpene biosynthetic repertoire in the Brassicaceae through genome mining reveals convergent evolution
Ancheng C. Huang,Satria A. Kautsar,Young J. Hong,Marnix H. Medema,Andrew D. Bond,Dean J. Tantillo,Anne Osbourn +6 more
TL;DR: A suite of physically colocalized pairs of PT and TPS genes for the biosynthesis of a large sesterterpene repertoire in the wider Brassicaceae are revealed, suggesting convergent evolution of plant and fungal STSs, and indicate that the colocalization PT–TPS gene pairs in the Br Jurassicaceae may have originated from a common ancestral gene pair present before speciation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The complete functional characterisation of the terpene synthase family in tomato
Fei Zhou,Eran Pichersky +1 more
TL;DR: Analysis of the updated reference tomato genome found 34 full‐length TPS genes and 18 TPS pseudogenes, and new trans‐prenyltransferases (TPTs) were characterised, which can make all cis and trans C10, C15 and C20 prenyl diphosphates.
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TL;DR: The draft genome of the black cottonwood tree, Populus trichocarpa, has been reported in this paper, with more than 45,000 putative protein-coding genes identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
The map-based sequence of the rice genome
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TL;DR: A map-based, finished quality sequence that covers 95% of the 389 Mb rice genome, including virtually all of the euchromatin and two complete centromeres, and finds evidence for widespread and recurrent gene transfer from the organelles to the nuclear chromosomes.