Journal ArticleDOI
Which form is that? The importance of selenium speciation and metabolism in the prevention and treatment of disease
Claire M. Weekley,Hugh H. Harris +1 more
TLDR
It is concluded that dietary selenium compounds should be considered prodrugs, whose biological activity will depend on the activity of the various metabolic pathways in, and the redox status of, cells and tissues.Abstract:
The biological activity of selenium is dependent upon its speciation We aim to integrate selenium speciation and metabolism into a discussion of the mechanisms by which selenium exerts its biological activity First, we present the current status of selenium in the prevention of cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases with particular attention paid to the results of major chemoprevention trials involving selenium supplementation A comprehensive review of the current understanding of the metabolism of common dietary selenium compounds – selenite, selenomethionine, methylselenocysteine and selenocystine – is presented, with discussion of the evidence for the various metabolic pathways and their products The antioxidant, prooxidant and other mechanisms of the dietary selenium compounds have been linked to their disease prevention and treatment properties The evidence for these various mechanisms – in vitro, in cells and in vivo – is evaluated with emphasis on the selenium metabolites involved We conclude that dietary selenium compounds should be considered prodrugs, whose biological activity will depend on the activity of the various metabolic pathways in, and the redox status of, cells and tissues These factors should be considered in future laboratory research and in selecting selenium compounds for trials of disease prevention and treatment by selenium supplementationread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Why Nature Chose Selenium
Hans J. Reich,Robert J. Hondal +1 more
TL;DR: A point-by-point comparison of the chemistry of selenium with the atom it replaces in biology, sulfur, shows that redox chemistry is the largest chemical difference between the two chalcogens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synthetic ratiometric fluorescent probes for detection of ions
TL;DR: In this review, recent advances made in the development and biological applications of synthetic ratiometric fluorescent probes are described and particular emphasis is given to organic dye-based ratiomet fluorescent probes that are designed to detect biologically important and relevant ions in cells and living organisms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Selenium compounds as therapeutic agents in cancer
TL;DR: This review aims in summarizing and providing the recent developments of the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the potential anticancer effects of selenium compounds, as well as designing and optimizing compounds with more specific antitumor properties for possible future application in the treatment of cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Selenium nanoparticles as a nutritional supplement
Sylvie Skalickova,Sylvie Skalickova,Vedran Milosavljevic,Vedran Milosavljevic,Kristyna Cihalova,Kristyna Cihalova,Pavel Horky,Lukas Richtera,Lukas Richtera,Vojtech Adam,Vojtech Adam +10 more
TL;DR: Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) represent what the authors believe to be a novel prospect for nutritional supplementation because of their lower toxicity and ability to gradually release selenium after ingestion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Selenium: an element for life
TL;DR: The evidence is at present conflicting as to whether Se supplementation is of benefit in patients with HT, though there are indications that it is advantageous in cases of mild/moderate Graves’ Orbitopathy and the role of Se in type 2 diabetes mellitus is ambiguous.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease
TL;DR: Attention is focussed on the ROS/RNS-linked pathogenesis of cancer, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, hypertension, ischemia/reperfusion injury, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and ageing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Selenium: Biochemical Role as a Component of Glutathione Peroxidase
TL;DR: When hemolyzates from erythrocytes of selenium-deficient rats were incubated in vitro in the presence of ascorbate or H2O2, added glutathione failed to protect the hemoglobin from oxidative damage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer
TL;DR: This review examines the evidence for involvement of the oxidative stress in the carcinogenesis process and the role of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in the process of carcinogenesis as well as the antioxidant interactions with various regulatory factors.
Book ChapterDOI
Role of free radicals and catalytic metal ions in human disease: an overview.
TL;DR: The chapter discusses the metabolism of transition metals, such as iron and copper, and the chelation therapy that is an approach to site-specific antioxidant protection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Selenium Supplementation for Cancer Prevention in Patients With Carcinoma of the Skin: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Larry C. Clark,Gerald F. Combs,Bruce W. Turnbull,Elizabeth H. Slate,Dan K. Chalker,James Chow,Loretta S. Davis,Renee A. Glover,Gloria F. Graham,Earl G. Gross,Arnon Krongrad,Jack L. Lesher,H. Kim Park,Beverly B. Sanders,Cameron L. Smith,J. Richard Taylor +15 more
TL;DR: Results from secondary end-point analyses support the hypothesis that supplemental selenium may reduce the incidence of, and mortality from, carcinomas of several sites and require confirmation in an independent trial of appropriate design before new public health recommendations regarding seenium supplementation can be made.
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