Journal ArticleDOI
Wiring specificity in the direction-selectivity circuit of the retina
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
It is shown, using serial block-face electron microscopy and two-photon calcium imaging, that the dendrites of mouse starburst amacrine cells make highly specific synapses with direction-selective ganglion cells depending on the ganglION cell’s preferred direction.Abstract:
The proper connectivity between neurons is essential for the implementation of the algorithms used in neural computations, such as the detection of directed motion by the retina. The analysis of neuronal connectivity is possible with electron microscopy, but technological limitations have impeded the acquisition of high-resolution data on a large enough scale. Here we show, using serial block-face electron microscopy and two-photon calcium imaging, that the dendrites of mouse starburst amacrine cells make highly specific synapses with direction-selective ganglion cells depending on the ganglion cell's preferred direction. Our findings indicate that a structural (wiring) asymmetry contributes to the computation of direction selectivity. The nature of this asymmetry supports some models of direction selectivity and rules out others. It also puts constraints on the developmental mechanisms behind the formation of synaptic connections. Our study demonstrates how otherwise intractable neurobiological questions can be addressed by combining functional imaging with the analysis of neuronal connectivity using large-scale electron microscopy.read more
Citations
More filters
Posted ContentDOI
Quantitative method for estimating stain density in electron microscopy of conventionally prepared biological specimens
TL;DR: Some straightforward measurements in the TEM can be used to determine the stain density based on a simple expression that is derived from the measured ratio of the bright-field intensities from regions of the specimen that contain both pure embedding material and the embedded biological structures of interest.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuroanatomy: mapping neural function alongside connectivity.
TL;DR: The combination of functional imaging and electron microscopy provides insights into visual information processing and helps scientists understand the role of light in image processing.
Sensory Tuning of Thalamic and Intracortical Excitation in Primary Visual Cortex and Novel Methods for Circuit Analysis
TL;DR: Novel techniques for measuring the in vivo functional properties of the specific neuronal circuits that impinge on neurons that are interconnected by recurrent excitatory circuits allow us to understand a fundamental aspect of neuronal circuit operation: the transfer and integration of information via synaptic connections.
Journal ArticleDOI
The cell adhesion molecule Sdk1 shapes assembly of a retinal circuit that detects localized edges.
TL;DR: In this article, a family of circuits that express the recognition molecule Sidekick-1 (Sdk1) was defined, which include a novel RGC type (S1-RGC) that responds to local edges.
Machine Learning Methods for Brain Image Analysis
TL;DR: An automated pipeline with novel insights that was able to achieve state-of-the-art performance on the segmentation of the Drosophila brain is designed and it is shown that the connectivity signals can be predicted from the gene expression signatures with an extremely high accuracy.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Two-Photon Laser Scanning Fluorescence Microscopy
TL;DR: The fluorescence emission increased quadratically with the excitation intensity so that fluorescence and photo-bleaching were confined to the vicinity of the focal plane as expected for cooperative two-photon excitation.
Journal ArticleDOI
User-guided 3D active contour segmentation of anatomical structures: Significantly improved efficiency and reliability
Paul A. Yushkevich,Joseph Piven,Heather C. Hazlett,Rachel Gimpel Smith,Sean Ho,James C. Gee,Guido Gerig +6 more
TL;DR: The methods and software engineering philosophy behind this new tool, ITK-SNAP, are described and the results of validation experiments performed in the context of an ongoing child autism neuroimaging study are provided, finding that SNAP is a highly reliable and efficient alternative to manual tracing.
Journal ArticleDOI
The structure of the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
TL;DR: The structure and connectivity of the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been deduced from reconstructions of electron micrographs of serial sections as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
The mechanism of directionally selective units in rabbit's retina.
Horace Barlow,W. R. Levick +1 more
TL;DR: Experiments are described which show, first, that directional selectivity is not due to optical aberrations of some kind and, secondly, that it is not a simple matter of the latency of response varying systematically across the receptive field.
Journal ArticleDOI
Serial block−face scanning electron microscopy to reconstruct three−dimensional tissue nanostructure
Winfried Denk,Heinz Horstmann +1 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that datasets meeting these requirements can be obtained by automated block-face imaging combined with serial sectioning inside the chamber of a scanning electron microscope, opening the possibility of automatically obtaining the electron-microscope-level 3D datasets needed to completely reconstruct the connectivity of neuronal circuits.
Related Papers (5)
Serial block−face scanning electron microscopy to reconstruct three−dimensional tissue nanostructure
Winfried Denk,Heinz Horstmann +1 more