Journal ArticleDOI
Wiring specificity in the direction-selectivity circuit of the retina
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TLDR
It is shown, using serial block-face electron microscopy and two-photon calcium imaging, that the dendrites of mouse starburst amacrine cells make highly specific synapses with direction-selective ganglion cells depending on the ganglION cell’s preferred direction.Abstract:
The proper connectivity between neurons is essential for the implementation of the algorithms used in neural computations, such as the detection of directed motion by the retina. The analysis of neuronal connectivity is possible with electron microscopy, but technological limitations have impeded the acquisition of high-resolution data on a large enough scale. Here we show, using serial block-face electron microscopy and two-photon calcium imaging, that the dendrites of mouse starburst amacrine cells make highly specific synapses with direction-selective ganglion cells depending on the ganglion cell's preferred direction. Our findings indicate that a structural (wiring) asymmetry contributes to the computation of direction selectivity. The nature of this asymmetry supports some models of direction selectivity and rules out others. It also puts constraints on the developmental mechanisms behind the formation of synaptic connections. Our study demonstrates how otherwise intractable neurobiological questions can be addressed by combining functional imaging with the analysis of neuronal connectivity using large-scale electron microscopy.read more
Citations
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FusionNet: A Deep Fully Residual Convolutional Neural Network for Image Segmentation in Connectomics
TL;DR: FusionNet as discussed by the authors combines recent advances in machine learning, such as semantic segmentation and residual neural networks, with summation-based skip connections, resulting in a much deeper network architecture and improves segmentation accuracy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anatomy and activity patterns in a multifunctional motor neuron and its surrounding circuits.
Mária Ashaber,Yusuke Tomina,Pegah Kassraian,Eric A. Bushong,William B. Kristan,Mark H. Ellisman,Daniel A. Wagenaar +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used voltage-sensitive dye imaging to record from DE-3 and most other neurons in the leech segmental ganglion during (fictive) swimming, crawling, and local-bend escape.
Posted ContentDOI
Structural and functional diversity of a dense sample of retinal ganglion cells
J. Alexander Bae,Shang Mu,J. S. Kim,Nicholas L. Turner,Ignacio Tartavull,Nico Kemnitz,Chris S. Jordan,Alex D. Norton,William Silversmith,Rachel Prentki,Marissa Sorek,Celia David,Devon L. Jones,Doug Bland,Amy L. R. Sterling,Jungman Park,Kevin L. Briggman,H. Sebastian Seung +17 more
TL;DR: It is found that ganglion cells arborizing in the inner marginal sublamina of the inner plexiform layer exhibit significantly more sustained visual responses on average.
Posted ContentDOI
Using high-throughput barcode sequencing to efficiently map connectomes
Ian D. Peikon,Justus M. Kebschull,Justus M. Kebschull,Vasily V. Vagin,Diana I. Ravens,Yu-Chi Sun,Eric Brouzes,Ivan R. Corrêa,Dario Bressan,Dario Bressan,Dario Bressan,Anthony M. Zador +11 more
TL;DR: In SYNseq, each neuron is labeled with a unique random nucleotide sequence—an RNA “barcode”—which is targeted to the synapse using engineered proteins and joined into a form suitable for sequencing.
Dissertation
Molecular Biomarkers and Network Analyses of Neuron-type Connectivity Reveal Cloaked Insights into Hippocampal Function
TL;DR: A twopronged attack on the sub-cellular and cellular fronts of the hippocampus, and a more-nuanced version of Peters’ rule, which, based on the data at hand, is highly accurate, at least in the hippocampus.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Two-Photon Laser Scanning Fluorescence Microscopy
TL;DR: The fluorescence emission increased quadratically with the excitation intensity so that fluorescence and photo-bleaching were confined to the vicinity of the focal plane as expected for cooperative two-photon excitation.
Journal ArticleDOI
User-guided 3D active contour segmentation of anatomical structures: Significantly improved efficiency and reliability
Paul A. Yushkevich,Joseph Piven,Heather C. Hazlett,Rachel Gimpel Smith,Sean Ho,James C. Gee,Guido Gerig +6 more
TL;DR: The methods and software engineering philosophy behind this new tool, ITK-SNAP, are described and the results of validation experiments performed in the context of an ongoing child autism neuroimaging study are provided, finding that SNAP is a highly reliable and efficient alternative to manual tracing.
Journal ArticleDOI
The structure of the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
TL;DR: The structure and connectivity of the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been deduced from reconstructions of electron micrographs of serial sections as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
The mechanism of directionally selective units in rabbit's retina.
Horace Barlow,W. R. Levick +1 more
TL;DR: Experiments are described which show, first, that directional selectivity is not due to optical aberrations of some kind and, secondly, that it is not a simple matter of the latency of response varying systematically across the receptive field.
Journal ArticleDOI
Serial block−face scanning electron microscopy to reconstruct three−dimensional tissue nanostructure
Winfried Denk,Heinz Horstmann +1 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that datasets meeting these requirements can be obtained by automated block-face imaging combined with serial sectioning inside the chamber of a scanning electron microscope, opening the possibility of automatically obtaining the electron-microscope-level 3D datasets needed to completely reconstruct the connectivity of neuronal circuits.
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