Jonathan M. Carlson

TL;DR: Differences in binding to viral peptide antigens by HLA may be the major factors underlying genetic differences between HIV controllers and progressors, and genome-wide association results implicate the nature of the HLA–viral peptide interaction as the major factor modulating durable control of HIV infection.

TL;DR: Genetic signatures of RV144 vaccination in V2 complement the finding of an association between high V1/V2-binding antibodies and reduced risk of HIV-1 acquisition, and provide evidence that vaccine-induced V2 responses plausibly had a role in the partial protection conferred by the RV144 regimen.

TL;DR: Naturally occurring dominant STAT‐C resistance mutations are common in treatment‐naïve patients infected with HCV genotype 1, and their influence on treatment outcome should be characterized to evaluate possible benefits of drug resistance testing for individual tailoring of drug combinations when treatment options are limited due to previous nonresponse to peginterferon and ribavirin.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that KIR-positive NK cells can place immunological pressure on HIV-1, and that the virus can evade such NK-cell-mediated immune pressure by selecting for sequence polymorphisms, as was previously described for virus-specific T cells and neutralizing antibodies.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that increasing surface expression of HLA-C is associated with reduced viral load and reduced rate of progression to low CD4+ T cell counts in African and European Americans.